23年考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）：经济类（第二天）

　　

　　据说【星标】大傻考研，您离上岸又近一步

　　同学们，大家好！

　　众所周知，考研英语阅读站分数比最多，有句俗话：得阅读者得考研英语，一直在考研届流传，从这里可以看出阅读有多重要了！而考研英语阅读真题每年都是从国外的主流报刊里面精选过来的，例如：《基督教科学箴言报》、《卫报》、《华盛顿邮报》、《时代周刊》等；这些文章内容都是跟考研真题同源，如果能在备考前期就以这些文章为导向，那么我们在考研英语的路上便有了“领路人”，让大家很大程度上提前先熟悉考研英语真题文章的风格，这样才能从容应对。

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　　This year has turned out to be a surprisingly good one for the world economy.Global output has probably risen by close to 5%， well above its trend rate and alot faster than forecasters were expecting 12 months ago.Most of the dangers that frightened financial markets during the year have failed to materialize.China's economy has not suffered a hard landing.America's mid-year slowdown did not become a double-dip recession.Granted， the troubles of the euro area's peripheral economies have proved all too real.Yet the eurozone as a whole has grown at a decent rate for an ageing continent， thanks to oomph from Germany， the fastest-growing big rich economy in 2010.

　　The question now is whether 2011 will follow the same pattern.Many people seem to think so.Consumer and business confidence is rising in most parts of the world；global manufacturing is accelerating；and financial markets are buoyant.The MSCI index of global share prices has climbed by 20%since early July.Investors today are shrugging off news far more ominous than that which rattled them earlier this year， from the soaring debt yields in the eurozone's periphery to news of rising inflation in China.

　　Earlier this year investors were too pessimistic.Now their breezy confidence seems misplaced. To oversimplify a little， the performance of the world economy in 2011 depends on what happens in three places：the big emerging markets， the euro area and America.These big three are heading in very different directions， with very different growth prospects and contradictory policy choices.Some of this divergence is inevitable：even to the casual observer， India's economy has always been rather different from America's.But new splits are opening up， especially in the rich world， and with them come ever more chances for friction.

　　Begin with the big emerging markets， by far the biggest contributors to global growth this year. Where it can， foreign capital is pouring in.Isolated worries about asset bubbles have been replaced by a fear of broader overheating.With Brazilian shops packed with shoppers， inflation there has surged above 5% and imports in November were 44% higher than the previous year.

　　Cheap money is often the problem.Though the slump of 2009 is a distant memory， monetary conditions are still extraordinarily loose， thanks， in many places， to efforts to holddown currencies.This combination is unsustainable.To stop prices accelerating， most emerging economies will need tighter policies next year.If they do too much， their growth could slow sharply.If they do too little， they invite higher inflation and a bigger tightening later.Either way， the chances of a macroeconomic shock coming from the emerging world are rising steeply.

　　生词汇总

　　materialize v成为现实， 实现；具体化，物化

　　shrugs th.off不把…当回事；对…不予理睬

　　ominous adj恶兆的；不吉利的

　　recession n.(经济的) 衰退， 衰退期，不景气

　　rattle v.使紧张， 使恐惧

　　breezy adj.轻松的；有微风的

　　peripheral adj.外围的；不重要的

　　divergence n.分歧；分离

　　oomph n.精力；特质；吸引力

　　friction n.摩擦， 不和， 分歧；抵触

　　buoyant adj.(价格、商业活动等)看涨的；繁荣的，(经济)上升的

　　slump n.衰退， 低潮， 萧条期

　　steeply adv.急剧地， 突然地；险峻地

　　MSCI=Morgan Stanley Capital International摩根士丹利资本国际公司

　　题型追加

　　1.What is the economic situation of the eurozone in 2010?

　　A) It is surprisingly good.

　　B) It is confronted with many problems.

　　C) It is energetic and fast-growing.

　　D) It has grown at a reasonable rate.

　　2.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that_______

　　A) investors are not rattled by some bad news

　　B) financial markets are in downtrend

　　C) the year 2011willbea good one for the world economy

　　D) investors are not in different to the soaring debt in the eurozone

　　3.By saying“now their breezy confidence seems misplaced”， the author means that_______

　　A) investors are too active

　　B) investors are too optimistic

　　C) investors are too relaxed

　　D) investors are too pessimistic

　　4.According to Para. 4 and Para.5， which of the following is true of the emerging markets?

　　A) Many people worry about asset bubbles and broader overheating.

　　B) Loose monetary conditions are helpful to holddown currencies.

　　C) Tighter polices are called for in order to stop prices rising.

　　D) They need tighter polices so that their economy could grow rapidly.

　　5.Which of the following best states the central idea of the text?

　　A) Performance of the world economy in 2011.

　　B) Performance of the economy in the emerging market.

　　C) Economic problems which will be dealt within the year 2011.

　　D) Review of world economy in 2010 and prediction of that in 2011.

　　篇章剖析

　　本文选自The Economist，主要探讨了2010年和2011年的世界经济形势。第一段对2010年的世界经济进行了总体回顾；第二段以具体的实例对本年度的经济形势加以分析；第三段作者给出了他对2011年世界经济趋势的看法，即主要的新兴市场国家、欧元区和美国将起主导作用；第四段表明新兴市场国家是2010年全球经济增长的主要贡献者；第五段指出虽然新兴市场国家的经济增速很快，但是由低成本资金带来的一系列问题也急需解决。

　　全文翻译

　　对于世界经济来说，今年已被证明是好得出乎意料的一年。全球产出可能已增长近5%，远远超过了其增长率的趋势，也大大超出了人们12个月前的预测。这一年来令金融市场担惊受怕的大多数风险都没有变成现实。中国经济没有经历硬着陆。美国年中的经济减速没有演变为二次探底。的确，欧元区的一些外围经济体遇到了真正的问题，但颇具活力的德国是2010年主要发达经济体中增长速度最快的，得益于此，欧元区的整体经济增速对于个正在老化的大陆而言已算不错了。

　　现在的问题是，2011年是否将延续这一模式。许多人似乎都这么认为。世界上大多数地区的消费者信心和商业信心都在上升；全球制造业正在提速，金融市场呈现涨势。摩根士丹利资本国际公司的全球股价指数自2010年7月初以来已经攀升了20%。今年早些时候的一些消息让投资者们感到了恐慌，而现在更多的利空消息却使他们不为所动，无论是欧元区外围国家不断飙升的国债收益率，还是中国通胀加剧的消息。

　　今年早些时候，投资者太过于悲观了。而现在，他们满怀的信心却似乎不合时宜。也许这样说显得有些过于简单，2011年世界经济的表现将取决于三个地方的情况：主要的新兴市场国家、欧元区和美国。各自有着截然不同的增长前景和矛盾冲突的政策选择，这三股主要经济力量正朝着截然不同的方向前进。这样的分道扬镳有着不可避免的因素，因为无论在谁的眼中，印度与美国的经济总是很不一样的。但是，新的分裂正在产生，尤其是在经济发达的国家之间，随之而来的是发生更多摩擦的可能。先从主要的新兴市场国家谈起。到目前为止，这些国家也是今年全球经济增长最主要的贡献者。外国资本正在尽一切可能地注入这些国家。个别出现的对资产泡沫的担忧情绪已经被对更大范围市场过热现象的恐惧所取代。巴西的商店挤满了顾客，那里的通胀率已经突破5%，11月份的进口额比去年同期增长了44%。

　　低成本资金往往会带来问题。尽管2009年的衰退已经成为遥远的记忆，现在的货币环境却仍然极度宽松。在许多地方，这都要归功于阻止货币升值的努力。这种矛盾的局面持续不了多久。为了阻止物价加速上涨，大多数新兴经济体明年将需要采取紧缩的货币政策。如果他们收缩过了头，经济增速就会迅速放缓。如果他们收缩不够，通胀就会继续上升，此后就需要采取更严厉的紧缩政策。无论是哪种情况，源自新兴市场国家的宏观经济受到冲击的可能性正在急剧增加。

　　解答

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