2022年高考英语浙江卷（1月）阅读理解C翻译讲解

　　The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.

　　Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管的）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "

　　For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.

　　A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.

　　These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.

　　"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.

　　7. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?

　　A. Positive effects of doing exercises.

　　B. Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.

　　C. Experimental studies on diseases.

　　D. Advantages of sporty woman over man

　　8. Why did the researchers ask the woman to do bicycle exercise?

　　A. To predict their maximum heart rate.

　　B. To assess their cardiovascular capacity

　　C. To change their habits of working out

　　D. To detect their potential health problems

　　9. What do we know about Dr Horder's study?

　　A. It aimed to find a cure for dementia.

　　B. Data collection was a lengthy process.

　　C. Some participants withdrew from it.

　　D. The results were far from satisfactory.

　　10. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

　　A. More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia

　　B. Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise

　　C. Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia

　　D. Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness

　　

　　译文：有规律的锻炼的好处已经有很好的记录下来了，但现在又有一项新的好处要增加了。新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近90%，而且她们患痴呆症的时间比不爱运动的女性晚10年。

　　瑞典哥德堡大学的首席研究员海伦娜·霍德博士说:“这些发现令人兴奋，因为改善中年人的心血管健康有可能延缓甚至防止他们患上痴呆症。”

　　在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试，直到她们精疲力竭，以测量她们的心血管容量峰值(最大值的)。平均峰值工作负载为103瓦。

　　共有40名女性达到了高健康水平的标准，即120瓦或更高。共有92名妇女属于中等健康类别;59名女性属于低健康类别，即峰值工作量不超过80瓦，或因高血压、胸痛或其他心血管问题而停止运动测试。

　　在接下来的40年里，这些女性接受了6次痴呆症测试。在此期间，44名女性患上了痴呆症。高度健康的女性中有5%患上了痴呆症，相比之下，中等健康的女性中有25%患上了痴呆症，低健康的女性中有32%患上了痴呆症。

　　“然而，这项研究并没有显示心血管健康和痴呆之间的因果关系，它只显示了一种关联。我们还需要进行更多的研究，以确定提高健康水平是否会对痴呆症的风险产生积极影响，并观察一生中什么时候高健康水平是最重要的。”她还承认，研究的女性数量相对较少，她们都来自瑞典，所以研究结果可能不适用于其他群体。

　　7. 第一段中提到的不断增长的清单上有什么?

　　A.锻炼的积极作用。

　　B.适合中年人的运动。

　　C.疾病的实验研究。

　　D.女人比男人有运动的优势

　　8. 为什么研究人员让这位妇女骑自行车锻炼?

　　A.预测他们的最大心率。

　　B.评估他们的心血管能力

　　C.改变他们的锻炼习惯

　　D.发现他们潜在的健康问题

　　9. 我们对霍德博士的研究了解多少?

　　A.它的目标是找到治疗痴呆症的方法。

　　B.数据收集是一个漫长的过程。

　　C.一些与会者退出了会议。

　　D.结果远远不能令人满意。

　　10. 下列哪一个是本文的最佳标题?

　　A.越来越多的女性通过锻炼来预防痴呆症

　　B.中年妇女需要多运动

　　C.健康的女性不太可能患痴呆

　　D.骑车改善女性心血管健康

　　【答案】7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C

　　【解析】

　　【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了经常锻炼的中年女性在老年时罹患失智症的几率会大大降低。

　　【7题详解】

　　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智症） in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.”（新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近90%，而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。）可知，第一段提到了健身锻炼的好处。故选A项。

　　【8题详解】

　　细节理解题。根据上文“These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia.”（这些发现令人兴奋，因为在中年时改善人们的心血管健康可能会延缓甚至防止他们患上痴呆症。）以及本段“For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity.”（在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试，直到她们精疲力竭，以测量她们的心血管峰值能力。）可知，做这项实验的目的是为了测试女性的心血管峰值能力。故选B项。

　　【9题详解】

　　细节理解题。根据文章第五段“These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades.”（这些女性在随后的四十年里测试了六次失智症状况。）可知，此次实验的数据收集是一个长期的过程。故选B项。

　　【10题详解】

　　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智症） in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.”（新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近90%，而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。）以及文章后面几段通过列举实验目的、过程、方式、结果等，说明了身体健康的中年女性在老年时患失智症的几率会大大降低。故选C项。

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