2019北京高考英语考前复习核心总结

　　高考马上来临，在最后的20天左右的时间里，对于英译的各个模块，我们还能做点什么，我们接下来聊聊这个话题。

　　一、语法填空

　　这部分是今年新改题型，预计不会太难，从给不给提示词方面可以分为两类，对于给提示词的动词，名词，形容词，副词该怎么做题，以及不给提示词时的连词，介词，冠词，代词等该怎么做题，需要遵循哪些步骤，考生需要心中有数。以2019西城一模为例：

　　It uses its large jaws (嘴) to collect a sticky goo, called resin, from trees. The bee(9) ______ (make) its home in termite mounds (白蚁丘) found on trees, using the resin to protect its nest from the termites.

　　本题考察的是动词的相应形式，所以需要按照基本步骤走。先区分该填谓语还是非谓语动词，本句中无谓语动词，要填谓语，接下来注意谓语的步骤问题，注意主被动，其他动词的提示，以及常见标志词有哪些，结合以上，我们可以得出makes这个答案，值得注意的是，部分考生对于填谓语动词还是非谓语动词判断出错，忽略了found是非谓语，错看为谓语，要注意下后面的宾语情况，以及时态问题。

　　二、完形填空

　　对于完形填空的题目，重中之重是先把北京高考近10年的完形填空的单词搞清楚，不仅仅是背会单词的准确意思，必要的单词理解会涉及到英英解释，此外，涉及到的一些单词的熟词生义也要注意。另外，完形注意根据词性来做题，比如对于具体名词的复现，以及对于抽象名词的具体照应；对于动词题目，先后顺序一定要注意；形容词，副词的题目注意正负态度的问题，同时要结合文章段落的正负。以2016年高考题为例

　　On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch ______ (36) a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children.

　　36. A. examined     B. warned      C. interviewed    D. cured

　　本题考察动词，注意看前后的动词，后面的动词是knew，所以很容易排除掉cured；此外，warned 和interviewed 与knew也无法构成先后关系；只有examined 可以，先检查，后来了解到得了什么疾病。

　　注意每天刷题，同时注意复习完形错题，巩固单词，巩固方法意识。

　　三、阅读理解

　　阅读理解方面，单词量这几年明显增加，所以一定要注意刷题，保持阅读速度。

　　另外，对于以前的错题，注意是单词问题，还是句式分析问题，以及是不是找不到句子之间的逻辑关系，导致理解出现问题。

　　此外，对于每种题目类型也得注意相关的解题方法，细节题，主旨题，猜词题，推断题，结构题，态度题等，需要复习之前讲过的方法，如何快速找到答案。

　　七选五方面，注意观察开空位置，以及前后句与开空句的逻辑关系，与段落主旨的关系，段落与段落的关系，以及段落与篇章的关系，这部分题目不难，但不能大意。

　　四、写作

　　根据2019年一二模来看，仍旧是以以往的方式来考察。

　　应用文作文注意常考的几类信件，如申请信，邀请信，介绍信，建议信，咨询信，感谢信，通知等，值得注意的是，应用文写信目的也可能不单一，会结合其中两种目的来写。平时讲到的作文的功能句要提前备好。但作文一定是重在内容，所以最后这段时间，多看范文，多关注各种类型的素材一定大有裨益。

　　情景作文方面，主题类作文仍旧是那些，传统文化类，校园活动类，亲情类，环保类，祖国为傲类等。所以对于每个主题都要背下功能句，省去思考时间，不要现编。

　　另外，对于情景作文中常见的场景活动也要再熟悉下，照相类，制作类，讨论类等，涉及到的单词，短语，句式要认真背诵。

　　对于两篇作文，时间上一定要给足，尤其是情景作文会拉分，两篇作文要给自己留出35-50分钟的时间，考生可根据自己的实际能力规划出来适合自己的时间，不要出现作文没有写完的情况。

　　写在最后，希望考生继续坚持，最后一段时间，戒骄戒躁，调整好状态。祝：金榜题名！

　　以下题目提供给考生，考前记得复习错题，并且做新题巩固。

　　一、语法填空

　　A

　　With the development of modern science, it (1) ________ (seem) that we are living in greater comfort and better conditions. But, in fact, we are not really living such a better life. This is because we are now producing much (2) ________ rubbish than ever before, and many of us are not aware of environmental (3) ________ (protect).

　　B

　　Recently I (4) ________ (find) many of us students spend too much time sending text messages or (5) ________ (play) games on cell phones, (6) ________ has negative effects on our studies and also does harm to our eyes. Worse still, it is a waste of time. We have little time to communicate with (7) ________ (we) parents and friends. Nor do we have time for physical exercise.

　　C

　　A black hole is a spot in space that has (8) ______ (power) gravity. Its gravity is so strong that it pulls everything nearby into it, stars, planets and other things. Black holes form when a star dies. When that happens, a huge amount of matter crowds into a very small space, (9) ______ becomes very dense. Black holes (10) ______ (talk) about in 1783 first. That year, one scientist said that in the universe, there might be places with strong gravity to trap light, although he didn’t use the term “black hole”.

　　参考答案

　　(1). seems                   (2). more                      (3). protection               (4). have found    (5). playing

　　(6). which                     (7). our                         (8). powerful                 (9). which         (10).were talked

　　注意：

　　（4）注意recently一般可以当做现完的标志词，且find的动作与现在事件是有关的，不要填found；

　　（10）判断出来谓语还是非谓语后，注意主被动关系,且注意主谓一致。

　　二、完形填空

　　Education from My Father

　　My memories of my father are slim because he was so sick in the last years of his life. But there are 36 that I am often reminded of and which may have had some bearing on my love of 37.

　　When I was small I was somewhat 38 of lightning and thunder. My father explained it. The explanation was in 39 that a child could understand but was basically correct. I gained a better 40 later, but I didn’t have to unlearn anything.

　　What he said was that there was electricity in the clouds 41 it travelled to the ground like a spark. When it travelled 42 the air it made the air so hot that it 43. Then there was nothing where the air had been and the air all around rushed in to 44 the space. He clapped his hands together very loud, 45 to be the air rushing in, and said that makes the thunder. When I hear thunder, I can still hear that 46.

　　He explained why if it was cloudy in the winter the night was warmer than if it was 47. It was one of those nights when the sky was full of stars: no moon, no town lights. But there were more stars than you could 48 and they had color too. He said that if there were no clouds, we had no blankets and were 49 to the universe. Our warmth was going to 50 the whole universe. When there were clouds, they were like blankets and we were not exposed to the universe. I 51 feel on the edge of space on a very clear night.

　　I am sure there were many other lessons that I 52 but no longer remember. What I did 53, in general, was that there were explanations and that the more I understood them, the more  comfortable the world was to live in. I was not taught that there were 54 but that there was understanding if you looked for it. This may be why I have always been 55 in science.

　　参考答案

　　CADBA         BDBAD        ACCBA         DCDCB

　　注意：

　　37.注意文章首段和尾段science的呼应。

　　39.注意分析句型，且要注意words 是和下段中中的said做照应。

　　46和51作为尾句，都是现在时，这个要注意下。

　　47.本题中clear与本段最后一句中的clear照应。

　　三、阅读理解

　　                       Why College Is Not Home

　　The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.

　　For previous generations, college was a decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.

　　To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually (在思维方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning.

　　Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community (群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.

　　Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined (规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.

　　It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescents’ desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.

　　Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and

　　14

　　self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.

　　67.  What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?

　　A.  Sympathetic.

　　B.  Disapproving.

　　C. Supportive.

　　D. Neutral.

　　68.  The underlined word “passage” in Paragraph 2 means ______.

　　A.  change

　　B.  choice

　　C. text

　　D. extension

　　69.  According to the author, what role should college play?

　　A.  To develop a shared identity among students.

　　B.  To define and regulate students’ social behavior.

　　C. To provide a safe world without tension for students.

　　D. To foster students’ intellectual and personal development.

　　70.  Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

　　

　　I: Introduction    P: Point       Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion

　　参考答案

　　BADC

　　注意：

　　本篇中的结构题，注意下主旨句，注意作者的观点，以及作者批判的观点，注意段首尾句。另外注意下逻辑词的问题，结合段落的说明对象去分析，看观点是不是要一分为二。

　　四、七选五

　　                             Empathy

　　Last year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. __71_ Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.

　　Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. __72__

　　There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. __73__ Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.

　　Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. __74__ “Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.

　　What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. __75__

　　To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.

　　71.   Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person.

　　72.   That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.

　　73.   “One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says.

　　74.   Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.

　　75.   Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and how they feel.

　　76.   Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.

　　77.   Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and having empathy is decisive to those relationships.

　　参考答案

　　BDGFC

　　注意：

　　72题，即使是段尾句，也不要忘了下段段首，注意关键词的照应。部分学生会选择73，只关注了Freed，注意了客观形式，但忽略了主观理解。

　　75题，注意本段的主旨，讲的是best way, 部分学生会选择75，注意下75句是下定义的句子，一般会放在首段。

　　五、应用文作文

　　假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的美国朋友George 参加中国日报 （China Daily）专门为外国人举办的2018“最美中国”（Amazing China）手机摄影大赛。信的内容包括:

　　1. 作品内容要求；

　　2. 提交时间和方式；

　　3. 表示愿意提供帮助。

　　注意： 1. 词数不少于50；

　　2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

　　Dear George,

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　One possible version:

　　Dear Jim,

　　It’s great to hear from you. Knowing you want to see an exhibition about Chinese culture, I’d like to recommend one to you.

　　The exhibition of Chinese folk arts and crafts is now on at the Capital Museum and will last until April 30th with free admission. Artists from all over the country bring their masterpieces: Nianhua paintings from Tianjin, kites from Weifang, paper-cuts from Shaanxi, and so on.

　　I strongly suggest you visit this exhibition, for it will totally immerse you in Chinese culture. You will have a great chance to watch the artists create their works up close. Moreover, there is even a hands-on area for you to make your own art.

　　Does this exhibition appeal to you? If you are interested, log onto the museum’s official website to make a reservation. You won’t be disappointed, I promise!

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　注意：

　　注意审题，划出来题目中的关键词，是手机而不是其他。另外，内容部分是重点部分，要写出调理，有层次性，不要直接堆积。此外，关于分段，根据要点给的个数，如果给3个要点的话，一般总体上会分成4段。

　　情景作文

　　假设你是红星中学高三一班学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后 顺序，用英文为校刊写一篇短文，记述上周末你和家人参加社区义务 劳动的全过程。

　　注意：词数不少于60。

　　提示词：垃圾夹 trash grabber

　　One possible version:

　　Last Friday, when I came back home from school, a notice at the entrance to my building caught my eye. It called on people to take part in the voluntary work on the following Sunday. The notice aroused my great interest, urging me to share it with my family immediately.

　　After supper, we talked about what we could do for the voluntary opportunity. We agreed on picking up the trash and then we started making trash grabbers. By tying the bamboo pieces together, we made several trash grabbers.

　　Then came the big voluntary day! Carrying those trash grabbers, we went downstairs and was amazed that some people had already started their job. Some were sweeping the ground while some were cleaning the benches. Without any delay, we joined them. Everyone redoubled their efforts in the cleaning.

　　That evening, I penned this voluntary opportunity on my diary, as this experience made me feel the joy of labor. It certainly is worth the active participation.

　　注意：

　　制作过程一定要有具体的介绍，不能直接用抽象的语言直接概括。

　　另外，像布告板引起注意这种类似的场景活动一定要背下，课下注意背诵素材。

　　尾段不一定要单独总结一段，这幅图由于最后的心里活动和第四幅图联系很紧密，可以一起写。（一对一高中英语朱延涛）