24考研题源外刊阅读《洛杉矶时报》双语精读版训练--这种动物拥有世上最浪漫的死亡

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　　上期翻译答案

　　As historical price data becomes increasingly available through both retailers’ own platforms and third-party price tracking services, managers and consumers alikewill benefit fromacknowledging how both the direction and frequency of historical price shifts influence our assumptions regarding how the price is likely to change going forward — and whether or not it’s worth buying now.

　　随着人们能越来越便利地通过零售商自己的平台和第三方价格跟踪服务获得历史价格数据，管理者和消费者如果能够理解历史价格变动的方向和频率对人们关于未来价格变化趋势的预期、以及关于该商品现在是否值得购买的判断的影响（理解价格变动对价格预期等的影响规律），那么他们都将从中受益。

　　《本期内容》

　　双语阅读

　　The ocean is one of the planet’s great carbon sinks, absorbing nearly a third of the atmosphere’s greenhouse gas emissions. Swimming in its depths are the great whales, a population whosesheerphysical mass allows them to exert an outsized influence on the ecosystem around them. While researchers have long suspected that whales are key players in the ocean’s carbon cycle, quantifying exactly how these animals alter the seas — and what we lost with theirdecimationa century ago — has proved difficult.

　　海洋是地球上最大的碳汇池，吸收了大气中近三分之一的温室气体排放。在海洋深处游动的是大型鲸鱼，其庞大的体型使它们能够对周围的生态系统产生巨大的影响。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~

　　Now a group of scientists has taken that challenge on. A team of ecologists, biologists and oceanographers recently published one of the most comprehensive efforts yet to understand just how much carbon the great whales absorb from the ocean, and the value that presents in the fight against climate change.

　　现在，一群科学家接受了这一挑战。一个由生态学家、生物学家和海洋学家组成的团队最近发表了迄今为止最全面的研究成果之一，探究鲸鱼从海洋中吸收了多少碳，以及评估它们在应对气候变化方面的价值。

　　Twelve great whale species — minkes, Antarctic minkes, sei, Bryde’s, blue, fin, bowhead, gray, humpback and three species of right whale — hold an estimated 2 million metric tons of carbon in their bodies, the authors found. That’s roughly equivalent to the amount of carbon released from burning 225 million gallons of gasoline. And that’s just the living members of thecetaceanfamily. Another 62,000 metric tons of carbon — the equivalent of 7 million gallons of gas — is trapped every yearin the form ofwhale falls, the bodies of dead whales that sink to the seafloor and support an ecosystem ofscavengers.

　　作者发现，12种鲸鱼——小须鲸、南极小须鲸、鳁鲸、布氏鲸、蓝鲸、鳍鲸、弓头鲸、灰鲸、座头鲸和三种露脊鲸——体内约含有200万吨碳。这大致相当于燃烧2.25亿加仑汽油所释放的碳。这还只是现存鲸科家族的量。每年还有62000公吨的碳——相当于700万加仑的气体——以鲸落的形式留在鲸鱼体内，鲸鱼死亡后尸体沉入海底，给食腐动物的生态系统提供了营养。

　　When a whale dies in open water and sinks into the deep, a lifetime of accumulated carbon goes with it. It can take up to 1,000 years for water and elements at the bottom of the sea to cycle back up to the surface, which means that carbon is effectivelysequesteredfor the better part of a millennium.

　　当一头鲸鱼在开阔水域死亡并沉入深海时，它一生所积累的碳也随之而去。海底的水和元素需要长达1000年的时间才能循环回到海面，这意味着将近1000年的时间里，碳都被有效地封存了。

　　In addition, whales indirectly affect the ocean carbon cycle through a less majestic but critically important byproduct: their poop. Whale poo is rich in fertilizing elements such as nitrogen, phosphorous and iron that are critical for phytoplankton growth. These nutrients are present in relatively small amounts in ocean surface waters.

　　除此之外，鲸鱼还会通过一种不那么宏大但至关重要的副产品：它们的粪便，来间接影响海洋碳循环。鲸鱼粪便富含氮、磷和铁等对浮游植物生长至关重要的肥料元素。这些营养物质在海洋表面的水体中含量相对较少。

　　本文节选自：L.A. Times （洛杉矶时报）

　　发布时间：2023.02.07

　　作者：Corinne Purtill

　　原文标题：Why helping whales to flourish can help fight climate change

　　词汇积累

　　1. decimation

　　/?desi'mei??n/

　　n.大批杀害；每十人杀一人；大量毁灭

　　2. sheer

　　/???/

　　adj. (用于强调)纯粹的，完全的; 程度深的，数量大的; 陡峭的，垂直的; (织物等)极薄的

　　adv. 垂直地，陡峭地

　　v. 急转弯，突然转向; 避开(不愉快的话题)

　　n. 精纺(或透明)织物(或物品); (尤指船)突然偏航，突然转向

　　3. cetacean

　　/s??te???n/

　　adj.鲸类的；鲸鱼的

　　n.鲸鱼；鲸类动物

　　4. scavenger

　　/?sk?v?nd?/

　　n.食腐动物；清道夫；清除剂；拾荒者

　　5. sequester

　　/s??kw?st?/

　　vt.使隔绝；使隐退；没收，扣押

　　词组搭配

　　1. in the form of 以…的形式

　　写作句总结

　　These nutrients are present in relatively small amounts in ocean surface waters.

　　结构：These nutrients are present in relatively small amounts in ….

　　这些营养物质在…中含量相对较少。

　　例句：These nutrients are present in relatively small amounts in the deep forest.

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　　外刊君为同学们汇总了《经济学人》，戳码回复“J88”，下载pdf源文件。

　　（戳码回复“J88”）

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