2021年甘肃省兰州市中考英语试卷（A卷）附详解

　　

　　一.完形填空（共1小题：每小题10分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。

　　1．（10分）Sometimes animals can do strange things.Here are（1）　 　 true stories about people and animals.A pet lizard was kept in a biology classroom.The students looked after it well（2）　 　 loved having it in the classroom.However，large lizards like being（3）　 　 and don't really like lots of people around them all the time，especially noisy girls and boys at school.

　　The large lizard noticed that whenever the alarm bell rang during the school's practice fire drills （消防演练），all the children and their teachers ran out of the classroom，peaceful and （4）　 　for a while.Over several weeks，there were quite a few false fire alarms.

　　Someone noticed that every time the alarms went off，the lizard was out of its cage .So，the children decided to （5）　 　the lizard.To their surprise，they found that it climbed over to the fire alarm on the back wall and set it off !The lizard just wanted to be left alone.

　　A tourist was driving along a road one evening，he accidentally ran over a kangaroo.The tourist thought that（6）　 　would believe him，so he decided to take a photo of the kangaroo .He picked the dead kangaroo up and put it next to the car.He then（7）　 　 his jacket and sunglasses and put them on the kangaroo to make his photo more interesting.

　　All went well， （8）　 　，the kangaroo woke up!It had only been knocked out but not actually dead!As soon as the kangaroo woke up， （9）　 　ran away，wearing a jacket，which also included three credit cards （信用卡），000 in cash!What a（10）　 　kangaroo!

　　

　　二、阅读理解（共3小题：每小题10分，满分30分）阅读下面三段材料，根据材料内容和要求。从题后选项中选择一个最佳答案。

　　2．（10分）Everyone knows that China is changing and developing very quickly at the moment.Many young people from home and abroad thought about the changes.The following are some comments which young people made on a website message board.

　　

　　阅读以上微博评论，根据其内容判断下列各小题的正误。正确的填（涂） A（涂） B。

　　（1）　 　Jiayu will go back to China after training in Canada.

　　（2）　 　Some people in Zihan's hometown now have enough money to buy cars.

　　（3）　 　 Jackson spent two years in Beijing as a student in the late 1980s.

　　（4）　 　Sean from Oxford thinks Chinese people can overcome challenges and difficulties.

　　（5）　 　China is changing and developing very fast now.

　　3．（10分）Six weeks before his 97th birthday，Giuseppe Paterno made his dream of a lifetime come true：He got a university degree.

　　Mr.Paterno's story has been reported around the world，partly because of his age.But he has also drawn attention because his life story speaks of belief.He has encouraged millions of children in Italy and elsewhere while they are facing difficulties during the coronavirus pandemic （新冠疫情）.

　　Born in Palermo in 1923，the first of seven children in a very poor family.Mr.Paterno began working soon after finishing primary school.It was only after he retired in the mid﹣1980s that he returned to his books.

　　"His story shows that dreams can come true and that you can remain young﹣﹣not in age but in spirit ﹣﹣ if you develop interests，" said Rosella Cancila，his teacher of history at the University of Palermo.

　　Italy's university system is based on a three﹣year degree，then a two﹣year master's course.University officials are hoping that Mr.Paterno will continue his studies. △ "I have to say that in this moment，

　　I don't know whether I would keep on studying with the same spirit，" he said，Mr.Paterno said that he would probably try to get his master's degree but he hadn't decided yet.

　　阅读以上短文。根据其内容的答其后各个小题。

　　（1）Giuseppe Paterno's dream of a lifetime is to 　 　.

　　A.draw people's attention

　　B.work to support his family

　　C.get university degree

　　D.encourage the children in his county

　　（2）The underlined word "belief" in paragraph 2 probably means 　 　.

　　A.品格

　　B.信念

　　C.责任

　　D.观点

　　（3）According to Rossella Cancia，developing interests can help people stay 　 　.

　　A.young in spirit

　　B.young in age

　　C.healthy in body

　　D.healthy in mind

　　（4）Which of the following sentences can be best put in the" △ " ？

　　A.And he is quite sure.

　　B.But he isn't so sure.

　　C.And he agrees completely.

　　D.But he doesn't agree at all.

　　（5）What is the best title for the passage？

　　A.Seeing Is Believing.

　　B.Practice Makes Perfect.

　　C Actions Speak Louder Than Words.

　　D.It's Never Too Late to Follow Dream.

　　

　　4．（10分）The world's glaciers are melting （融化）quickly.Scientists，from Nature studied 20 years of satellite data of the world's 220，and found that since 2015，glaciers have lost 298 billion metric tons of ice and snow per year.That is 31% more than 15 years ago

　　Scientist say melting is caused by climate （气候）change.Almost all of he world's glaciers are melting.Half of the world's glacier melt is in the United States and Canada.Some smller glaciers are totally lost.The melting "mirrors" the worldwide increase in temperature and is from the burning of coal，oil and gas.

　　Shrinking （缩小）glaciers are a problem for millions of people who use regular glacier melt for drinking water.Very fast melting can also cause floods （洪水） in places like India.But the biggest problem to the world is rising sea levels.Glaciers are responsible for 21% of sea level rise.Mark Serreze（NSIDC） in Colorado，thinks that sea level rise is going to be a bigger and bigger problem

　　Scientists said that it could take hundreds of years to regrow melted glaciers .Twila Moon studies glaciers at the NSIDC."I'm not sure whether the glaciers can regrow even if the planet's temperature is controlled.We must try to keep as much ice as possible and slow the speed of glacier melting." she said.

　　（1）According to the passage ，glacier melting is caused by 　 　 .

　　A.climate change

　　B.water pollution

　　C.sea level rise

　　D.serious floods

　　（2）　 　of the glacier melt around the world is in the United States and Canada.

　　A.21% B.31% C.50% D.80%

　　（3）What is the main idea of paragraph 3？

　　A.The world's glaciers are melting quickly.

　　B.Some smaller glaciers are completely lost.

　　C.The world's glacier melting causes some problems.

　　D.People need to find ways to deal with glacier meting.

　　（4）We can guess that Twila Moon might be 　 　about glacier regrowing.

　　A.excited

　　B.surprised

　　C.angry

　　D.worried

　　（5）The passage is probably from 　 　.

　　A.a sports newspaper

　　B.a science magazine

　　C.a story book

　　D.a travel guide

　　

　　三.任务型完形填空（共1小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。使文意通顺，结构正确。（每单词限用一次）

　　5．（15分）

　　

　　We need to know how much of what food to eat to be healthy.Here is a picture about food groups and why they are good for our health.

　　It is important to understand how food is used.When we eat food，our bodies（1）　 　the food to make energy.（2）　 　 we are eating the correct food and the correct amount of the food，we will have enough energy for our bodies and minds to work properly.

　　It is necessary to read the labels （标签） on the foods in a shop as well.The labels tell（3）　 　what the food has in it They give us（4）　 　 about how healthy the food is.

　　There are many people who do not eat enough right food.This could be because they are too poor to buy the right food.These people may have what we call malnutrition （营养不良）.Children （5）　 　 have malnutrition do not grow properly and they can not concentrate （集中精力） at school.

　　If things are very bad，they can become（6）　 　and even die.Malnutrition is a great problem in

　　some poor parts of Asia and Africa.

　　It is also important to drink lots of water.Our bodies are（7）　 　 up of about 76% water.We need to drink six to eight（8）　 　of water a day.Water keeps our skin healthy It also makes sure that our bodies work properly.If we do not drink（9）　 　water，we can get headaches，stomachaches and our kidneys （肾脏）

　　If we want to have minds and bodies that work（10）　 　，we need to make sure that we eat correctly.

　　

　　四、任务型阅读理解（共1小题：每小题10分，满分10分）阅读下面的短文，按要求完成后面的小题。

　　6．（10分）My dad is very interested in history and the Silk Road attracts him.He told me that the Silk Road had been a bridge between East and West for more than 2，000 years.①it from，was，kilometers，6500，to（.） It played an important role in the development of the world.

　　My family went to some famous places along the road for a holiday last summer.We started from Lanzhou to Wuwei.In ancient times，Wuwei was also a capital.Although it's now a modern city，you can still get a strong feeling of history here.②People are proud of its history.

　　The next stop was Jiayuguan，an important city on the edge of the desert.It was a busy place with a lot of business people coming and going.The western end of Ming Great Wall was built here.Even today，it's a city that many people travel through.Along the road，which reminded me of the famous poem written by Wang Zhihuan.

　　Finally，we arrived in Dunhuang.It is a city with a long history and colorful culture.Ancient people created fantastic artworks，such is Mogao Grottoes.It was influenced by many different cultures over time.It was also the center of trade between China and its western neighbors.Today

　　The trip helped me know about the history and culture of the special road.Besides，I can better understand how people from different places influenced each other.

　　（1）请将文中①处划线部分连词成句（标点符号已在括号内给出）。

　　（2）请将文中②处划线的句子翻译成汉语。

　　（3）根据文章内容，请在横线上填入适当的词（每空限填一词）。

　　Ancient people built the 　 　of Ming Great Wall in Jiayuguan.

　　（4）根据文章内容，请在下面的横线上填入适当的地名，补全作者的旅行路线。

　　Lanzhou →Wuwei →Jiayuguan→ 　 　→Dunhuang

　　（5）After reading the passage，would you like to advise your friends to travel along the Silk Road？

　　Why or why not？ （List one reason）

　　

　　五、词汇考查（共10小题每小题1分，满分10分）用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

　　7．（1分）There will be two 　 　（tiger） in the new zoo.

　　8．（1分）The twins were helping 　 　 （they） parents make zongzi for the Dragon Boat Festival.

　　9．（1分）Let's 　 　 （cheer） up the sick kids in hospital together.

　　10．（1分）Steven is much 　 　（tall） than he used to be.

　　11．（1分）Judy visits her grandparents 　 　 （one） a week.

　　12．（1分）Mr.Wang asked me 　 　 （give） a speech on how to study English last Friday.

　　13．（1分）It is 　 　 （danger） to swim in the Yellow River.

　　14．（1分）Sam has already 　 　 （save） 85 yuan for his favorite model car.

　　15．（1分）Li Hua made the choice 　 　（wise） with his parents' help just now.

　　16．（1分）Although Yuan Longping was a great scientist，he considered himself a 　 　 （farm）.

　　六、书面表达（满分15分）

　　17．（15分）假如你是李华，加拿大交换生Eric将要来到中国学习，并在你家居住。他想了解在你家及其它不同场所应该注意的一些规则。请你根据以下要点。给对方写一封邮件。

　　

　　要求：1.邮件包括提示中所有的写作要点；

　　2.条理清楚，行文连贯，可适当发挥；

　　3.邮件中不能出现真实的人名和地名等信息；

　　4.词数不少于80，邮件开头和结尾己给出，不计入总词数。

　　Dear Eric，

　　I'm glad to hear that you'll come to China and say in my home.

　　.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　试题解析

　　1．解析：（1）A 数词辨析，B3，D5 pet ，ran a kangaroo可知共两个故事。

　　（2）C 连词辨析，B...的，D所以，表并列。

　　（3）D 形容词辨析，B活着的，D单独的 really lots people them the ，可知它喜欢单独一个人静一会。

　　（4）C 形容词辨析，B友好的，D害怕的 and ，并列，故答案是C。

　　（5）B 动词辨析，B观看，D拯救 their ，they that climbed to fire on back and it !The just to left ，他们发现它爬到了后墙上的火警报警器上！蜥蜴只想单独呆着，故答案是B。

　　（6）C 代词辨析，B某人，D任何人 he to a photo the 决定拍张照，故答案是C。

　　（7）A 短语辨析，脱下，C放弃，根据后面 them on kangaroo make photo interesting把它们放在袋鼠身上，可知脱下他的夹克和眼镜。

　　（8）B 副词辨析，B突然，D通常 kangaroo up和上文以为袋鼠死了，故答案是B。

　　（9）D 代词辨析，B你，C我们，根据上句As as kangaroo up袋鼠一醒来，用it代指the ，故答案是D。

　　（10）B 形容词辨析，B伤心的，D忙碌的 a jacket also three cards ，one and ，000 cash袋鼠穿着一件夹克、一本护照和1000美元现金跑了，故答案是B。

　　2．解析：细节判断题。

　　（1）A.根据"When I finish my training in Canada，I will go back to China and start a business，我将回到中国创业。故答案为A。

　　（2）A.根据"Most people in my hometown have a good standard of living and some can now afford cars.我家乡的大多数人都有很好的生活水平，有些人现在买得起汽车。故答案为A。

　　（3）B.根据"I spent a year in Beijing as a student in the late 1990s上世纪90年代末，我作为一名学生在北京呆了一年，杰克逊在北京当了两年学生是错误的。故答案为B。

　　（4）B.根据"Hong Kong：There is still a long way to go.There are many challenges and difficulties ahead，but I am sure we can overcome them if we work together.前面有许多挑战和困难，如果我们共同努力。"可知来自牛津大学的肖恩认为中国人能够克服挑战和困难是错误的。故答案为B。

　　（5）A.根据"Everyone knows that China is changing and developing very quickly at the moment.每个人都知道，中国现在正在快速变化和发展。故答案为A。

　　3．解析：（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段Six before 97th ，Giuseppe made dream a lifetime true：He a university ，朱塞佩帕特诺实现了他一生的梦想：他获得了大学学位，故选C。

　　（2）B.词义猜测题。根据第二段He encouraged of in ，据此推断的他的故事阐述了信念，故选B。

　　（3）B.细节理解题。根据第四段"His shows dreams come and you remain in but spirit if develop ，" said Cancila teacher history the of ，梦想可以成真，你可以保持年轻——不是在年龄上。"可知罗塞拉坎希拉认为梦想可以帮助人们保持年轻

　　（4）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段University are that will his have say in moment，I know I would on with same ，"大学官员希望帕特诺先生继续他的学业，此时此刻。"结合上下文，故选B。

　　（5）D.文章标题题。根据第一段Six before 97th ，Giuseppe made dream a lifetime true：He a university ，朱塞佩帕特诺实现了他一生的梦想：他获得了大学学位，据此判断本文最好的标题为追随梦想永远都不晚。

　　4．解析：（1）A.细节理解题。根据Scientist melting by （气候）change.科学家称融化是由气候变化引起的。

　　（2）C.理解判断题。根据Half the glacier s in United and ，世界上一半的冰川融化发生在美国和加拿大，故选C。

　　（3）C.段落大意题。根据 Shrinking are a for is people use glacier for water.Vary melting also floods in like the problem the is sea ，Glaciers responsible 21% sea rise.冰川融化成为百万使用常规冰川融水饮水的人的一个问题。但是，冰川造成了21%的海平面上升。故选C。

　　（4）D.理解判断题。根据Twila studies at NSIDC."I'm sure the can even the temperature controlled" Moon 。"即使地球的温度得到控制，"可知她很担心是否冰川能重新生长。

　　（5）B.文章来源题。根据The glaciers melting 。及全文可知文章介绍了世界冰川融化问题。最可能出现在科学杂志上。

　　5．解析：（1）use，考查动词。固定短语use...to do用来制作...。

　　（2）If ，考查连词，我们将有足够的能量让我们的身体和思想正常工作，引导后面的条件状语从句。

　　（3）us ，考查代词。tell告诉，后面要加代词宾格。

　　（4）informatiaon ，考查名词。information信息。故填写：information。

　　（5）who，考查定语从句，不能集中精力上学，先行词是children要用who引导。

　　（6）sick ，考查形容词，sick生病的，放在系动词become后作表语。

　　（7）made，考查动词。固定短语be made up of由...组成。

　　（8）glasses，考查名词，glass可数名词，前面有eight要用复数。

　　（9）enough ，考查形容词。enough足够的，修饰名词放在名词前。

　　（10）properly，考查副词。properly副词，修饰动词work，故填写：properly。

　　6．解析：（1）It is 6500 kilometers from Xi'an to Rome.连词成句。根据标点符号可知此句是陈述句，句意为"从西安到罗马有6500公里"

　　（2）人们为它的历史感到骄傲。英译汉；are proud of翻译为"为......感到骄傲"。根据汉语翻译习惯整理句子。

　　（3）part.细节推理题。根据第三段"The stop Jiayuguan important on edge the was a place a lot business coming going.The end Ming Wall built ，沙漠边缘的一个重要城市，有很多商人来来往往。可推知，the part of Ming Great Wall表示明长城的一部分。

　　（4）Yumenguan.细节理解题。根据"The stop Jiayuguan"下一站是嘉峪关 the ，we visited ，我们还参观了玉门关，we in ，我们到达了敦煌，作者在游览路线是：兰州→武威→嘉峪关→玉门关→敦煌

　　（5）Yes，I'd like to.Because the Silk Road had been a bridge between East and West for more than 2。根据"My is interested history the Road him.He me the Road been a between and for than 2 years"我爸爸对历史很感兴趣。他告诉我，丝绸之路一直是连接东西方的桥梁，我想建议我的朋友沿着丝绸之路旅行。故填：Yes，000 years.

　　7．解析：根据题干，可知two接可数名词复数形式。

　　故填tigers。

　　8．解析：根据题干，可知此处是形容词性物主代词their，修饰名词parents。

　　故填their。

　　9．解析：根据题干，可知Let's后接动词原形。

　　故填cheer。

　　10．解析：根据than，可知是比较级。

　　故填taller。

　　11．解析：根据题干，可知考查短语once a week一周一次。

　　故填once。

　　12．解析：根据题干，可知ask sb to do sth让某人做某事。

　　故填to give。

　　13．解析：根据题干，可知考查句型It 。dangerous危险的。

　　故填dangerous。

　　14．解析：根据题干has already...。

　　故填saved。

　　15．解析：根据题干，可知此处是副词wisely明智地。

　　故填wisely。

　　16．解析：farm农场，名词，他认为自己是一位"农民"。

　　故答案为：farmer。

　　17．解析：Dear Eric，

　　I'm to that come China say my

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

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