电大本科《学前儿童卫生与保健》形考作业答案完整版.docx(约1.09万字)

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  成人学位英语词汇易混淆125词

  成人本科学位英语考试,除了《成人英语三级词汇手册》列出词之外,咱们学习词汇时还应注意容易混淆词。英语中有些词,词形和读音相近,但意义却不同;有些同义词,基本意义相似,但内涵意义有很大差别。咱们必要在广泛阅读基本上,仔细观测每一种词在不同上下文中含义和用法,从而学会对的使用它。

  1.able, capable, competent

  able为惯用词,指具备做某事所需力量,技巧,知识与时间等,普通下效率无关,用作定语表达能力超过平均水平。如:A cat is able to see in the dark. (猫在黑暗中能看见东西。)

  capable 指满足普通规定能力,可以是体现出来,也可是潜在,搭配是be capable of +doing.用作定语,表达能力没有able表达能力强。如:He is capable of running a mile in a minute. (她能在一分钟内跑完一英里。)He is a very capable doctor. (她是一位较好大夫。)

  competent 指“胜任”,“合格”,或受过专业技术等训练,但不是超群能力。如:A doctor should be competent to treat many diseases. (医生应当能治各种病。)

  2.aboard, abroad, board, broad

  aboard 在船(或飞机,车)上。如:I never went aboard a ship.

  abroad 副词,在国外或海外。如:He often goes abroad.

  board 为动词,上(船,飞机,车)。如:The passengers are boarding the plane now.

  broad 为形容词,辽阔。如:He has very broad shoulders.

  3.accept, receive

  accept 接受,receive“接到”,“收到”。如:I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn‘t accept it. (昨天我收到了一种请柬,但并没有接受邀请。)

  4.accident, incident, event

  accident事故。如:a traffic accident (交通事故)

  incident“附带事件”,在政治上特指引起国际争端或战争事件,事变。

  event “事件”,指特别重要事件,普通是由此前努力而产生成果,也指国家和社会事件。

  5. accomplish, complete, finish, achieve, attain

  accomplish表成功,强调完毕成果而不是过程。如:Because of his hard word, things are accomplished. (由于她努力,事情都已完毕了。)

  complete 表达积极完毕,更详细地指建筑、工程等完毕。如:Has he complete his novel yet? (她故事写完了吗?)

  finish 最惯用,后接动词-ing形式,表达在一种活动持续过程中完毕了最后一步或阶段。如:I‘ll finish the job alone. (我要独自完毕这项工作。)

  achieve 完毕,实现,强调通过努力而达到目。如:You will achieve success if you work hard.

  Attain达到,实现,惯用于普通人能力不易达到目。如:Greater efforts are needed before we can attain our goals.

  6.accurate, correct, exact, precise

  accurate精确,精准。如:Clocks in railway stations should be accurate.(火车站钟应当是精确。)

  correct“对的”,指符合一定原则或准则,具有“无错误”意味。它反义词是incorrect, wrong.

  exact“精准”,“正好”,比“大体上对的”更进一步,表“丝毫不差”。它反义词是inexact.

  precise强调“精准”,“精密”。

  7.accuse, charge, sue

  accuse 指责,指控,常与of 搭配。如:His boss accused him of carelessness.

  charge 常与with搭配。如:The police charged the driver with reckless driving.

  sue 常与for 搭配。如:Smith sued his neighbor for damaging his house.

  8.achieve, acquire, require, inquire

  achieve(成功地)完毕,实现。如:He will never achieve anything unless he works harder. (如她不努力工作,将会一事无成。)

  acquire获得,获得,学到。如:acquire knowledge (获得知识)

  inquire打听,询问。如:inquire a person‘s name(问一种人姓名)

  require需要。如:We require more help. (咱们需要更多协助。)

  9.act, action, deed

  act 用作名词时,与action, deed均可表“行为”,“举动”。Act指时间较短个人行动或行为,强调成果。如:The farmer caught the boys in the act of stealing his apples. (农夫在孩子们正偷她苹果时把她们抓住了。)

  action较正式,往往指不止包括一种环节,且持续时间较长行为或行动,强调行为过程。如:Actions are more important than words. (行动比语言更重要。)

  deed为正式用语,多指伟大,明显,动人行为。如:They thanked him for his good deeds. (她们感谢她做好事。)

  10.actual, true, real, genuine

  actual 意为“实际”,“现实”,指所形容事物在事实上已经发生或存在,而不是仅在理论上也许发生或存在。

  true“真实”,指与实际相符,而非虚假。

  genuine “真”,“非冒充”,“货真价实”,强调正宗而非冒牌。

  11.adequate, enough, sufficient

  adequate 足够,指数量多,适合需要数量。

  enough足够,指数量多,足够满足某种目或愿望。

  sufficient同enough,常可互换使用。但sufficient指数量多,足够满足某种需要,在口语中惯用enough,在书面语中惯用sufficient,在不易必定期多用enough.Enough可放在被修饰名词后,且可作副词,sufficient则不可这样用。

  12.admit, confess

  两者都表“承认”。

  admit指大胆地承认此前试图无论或推诿坏事。如:John has admitted to breaking the window. (约翰已承认打破了窗玻璃。)

  Confess常指承认错误,罪行等。如:The thief confessed his crime to the police. (小偷向警察承认了罪行。)

  13.advice,advise

  advice劝告(名词)。如:I want to give you some advice.

  advise劝告(动词)。如:What do you advise me to do?

  14.adopt, adapt

  adopt (1)收养。如:Since they have no children of their own, they decided to adopt a little girl. (她们自己没有孩子,因此决定收养一种小女孩。)(2)采纳,采用,通过。如:He adopted our suggestion.(她采纳了咱们建议。)

  adopt与adapt词形相近,后者意思是“使适合”,“改编”等。

  15.advance, proceed, progress

  均可表“迈进”。

  advance表向一种特定目地,在一定期间或空间内稳定地向前运动。如:Napoleon‘s army advanced on Moscow. (拿破仑军队向莫斯科挺进。)

  proceed强调从一处向另一处运动,常表停顿后继续迈进。如:They proceeded from London to Paris. (她们从伦敦往巴黎迈进。)

  peogress 多表自然过程,指生长,发展等稳定地或循环往复地迈进。如:The year is progressing, it will soon be summer. (光阴似箭,不久又是夏天了。)

  16.advantage, benefit, profit

  advantage 常指一种使某人处在比其她人相对有利地位,机会或时机。如:He had the advantage of good education. (受过良好教诲对她十分有利。)

  profit 多指报偿或报偿性收入。如Did you make any profit last year? (你去年赚钱了吗?)

  benefit 指物质利益或精神方面好处。如:I get no personal benefit from the business.(我个人从这家公司中并不获益。)

  17.advise, convince, persuade

  均可表“劝告”。

  advise表建议,规劝某人应当做某事或如何做。如:He advised me to put my money in the bank. (她劝我把钱存入银行。)

  convince指向某人陈述事实,运用推理或逻辑证明使某人信服。如:We convinced Smith to go by train rather than plane. (咱们说服了史密斯乘火车而不乘飞机前去。)

  persuade指用感情说服某人去做某事。如:I persuaded him to go back to work. (我说服她回去工作了。)

  18.affect, effect

  affect影响(动词)。如Smoking affects health.

  effect效果,影响(名词)。如:Government policy will not have any effect on us.

  19.afford, provide, supply

  均有“提供,供应”意思。

  afford普通只用于抽象事物。

  provide 和supply意思相似,两个词都和with连用,构成provide /supply somebody with something构造。

  20.agree, consent

  agree 为惯用词。如:Do you agree to the condition? (你批准这个条件吗?)

  consent为正式用词,多用于上下级关系,表达批准别人规定或祈求。如:Did the king consent to your plan?(国王批准你筹划吗?)

  21.aid, help, assist

  用作动词均可表“协助”。

  aid为正式用词,help最惯用。

  assist最正式,表达协助某人做某事,尤指在体力上或详细事务上协助和扶持。如:She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. (她雇了一名妇女帮她做家务。)

  22.alive, living, live

  alive 指虽有死也许,但仍活着,普通只作表语。

  living可用于人或物,作定语时可前可后。

  live只做前置定语,用于动物和个别事物前。

  23.almost, nearly

  普通说来,almost比nearly 表达意思更接近“开始”、“完毕” (目的)等。

  在all, every, always 前,两者都可用。如:He is almost (nearly) smoking. (她几乎每天抽烟。)

  almost可同never, no, nobody, none, nothing 连用,而nearly却不能。如:Almost no one believed her. (几乎没人相信她。)

  24.alone, lonely

  alone只表“独自”客观状态,没有感情色彩,只作表语;lonely表“孤单”,:“寂寞”,能作定语和表语。如:When she is left alone, she feels lonely. (剩余她一人时她就感到寂寞。)

  alone, only均可表“只有”,但alone须置于被修饰词之后,only往往置于被修饰词前。如:He alone (Only he) can remember the story. (只有她才干记起这段经历。)

  25.already, all ready

  already已经(副词)。如:The plane had already landed before we got to the airport.

  all ready准备好(作表语)。如:We were all ready to leave when the telephone rang.

  26.alter, change

  作不及物动词时,两者可通用。

  作及物动词时,alter是对局部,表面变化,而change则是对本质,全面,彻底变化。如:Can you alter the dress? (你会改做这件衣服吗?)Can you change the dress?(你能给我更换这件衣服吗?)

  27.altogether, all together

  altogether总计,总共。如:Altogether there are six of us. (咱们总计六人。)

  all together 全都在一起。如:We played the game all together. (咱们人们都一起来玩游戏吧。)

  28.amaze, astonish, surprise

  都可作及物动词,意思相近,普通都是以事物作主语,人称作宾语。

  amaze强调“使惊讶”,有时尚有“惊叹”,“佩服”等意。

  astonish表达“使大吃一惊”,“几乎使人无法相信”之意。

  surprise只表“出乎意料之外”。

  29.among, between

  among 在……中间(三者或三者以上之间)。如:Our house is hidden among trees.

  between在两者之间。如:It is easy to distinguish between a Japanese and a Chinese.

  30.announce, declare

  announce指宣布公众盼望或与公众关于事情,具有预告意味。如:The government announced that they would pay their debts. (政府宣布将偿还债务。)

  declare指正式负责地宣布,声明,通惯用于庄严场合。如:The judge declared him guilty.(法官宣布她有罪。)

  31.annoy, bother, trouble, disturb

  annoy指外界干扰令人讨厌或无法忍受,或指某人故意去妨碍别人。

  bother打扰,麻烦,指给人行动带来不便或身心上带来痛苦。如:May I trouble you with a few questions?

  disturb打扰,扰乱,指使正常秩序或一时安定受到破坏,精力一时不能集中。如:I am sorry to disturb you.

  32.answer, reply, respond

  用作动词,都可表“回答”,“答复”。

  answer是惯用词,后可接letter(回信),question(回答问题),doorbell(开门),telephone(接电话),advertisement(应征广告)等。

  reply较正式,普通只作不及物动词,可与to连用。如:He has replied to my letter.(她回答了我信中提问题。)

  respond作“回答”解,用得较少,也同to 搭配。如:He quickly responded to the question. (她不久就回答了问题。)

  此外,respond还可表“对……反映”,“响应”。

  33. appreciate, enjoy

  appreciate指对事物有深刻理解能力并能鉴赏。

  enjoy是普通用语,仅指感官或智力上满足,“享有”意味较强。

  34. approve, prove

  approve(1)赞成,批准。如:I don‘t approve of wasting time.(我不赞成挥霍时间。)

  (2)批准,通过。如:The minister approved the building plan. 部长批准了建筑筹划。

  prove和approve词形相似,prove是“证明”,“表白是”等。

  35. argue, debate, dispute

  argue着重“说理”,“论证”,“企图阐明”,且后可接that引导从句。

  debate着重双方各自陈述理由,特别是“公开地”、“正式地”辩论。如:The subject was hotly debated.

  dispute着重就分歧进行热烈“争论”,具有“相持不下”或“未得到解决”意味。如:He disputed with his wife on household expenses.

  36. arise, rise, raise

  arise表无形东西(如困难,问题等)“浮现”,“发生”。

  rise指详细事物“上升”,“升起”,也是不及物动词。如:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东边升起。)

  raise为及物动词,“使……上升”,“举起”等。如:He raised his hand.(她举了手。)

  37. assure, ensure, insure

  assure以十分必定语调向别人保证某事一定会发生,后需连用人称代词或指人名词作宾语。

  ensure表普通“保证”。

  insure表“保险”,有时同ensure可以换用。

  38. awake, wake, waken

  都可作动词。

  awake既可及物,也可不及物,多用于比喻。

  wake常指“睡醒”,多为不及物动词。

  waken多用作及物动词,常指“吵醒”,“惊醒”。

  39. await, wait

  await是及物动词。如:I await your further instructions.

  wait“等”、“等待”,是不及物动词,后常接介词for.如:I will wait for you at the school gate.

  40. award, prize, reward

  award, reward作动词。award意为“授予(奖品,奖金等)”,背面可跟双宾语;reward意为“报酬”,“酬谢”,只能跟人或以人行为作宾语。

  award, prize, reward作名词时,award常指奖金,奖品;prize多指在竞赛、竞争中获胜所赢得奖;reward则指为某项劳动或行为所付酬金。

  41. base, basis

  base表事物下部底部,多用于详细事物。

  basis多用于比喻,重要指命题基本。如:His ideas have no basis in reality.(她意见缺少现实基本。)

  42. beat, win

  beat表在比赛和战斗中打败对手,后接对手作宾语。

  Win作及物动词时,其宾语为游戏、比赛、战斗、奖金等名词。如:He has won the race.(她赢得了赛跑胜利。)

  43. beneath, below, under

  beneath表达同表面接触,与on 相对。Below表达“在下面,低于”,与above相对。

  under表达“在……正下方”与over相对。

  44. beside, besides

  beside在……旁边。如:Come and sit beside me.

  besides除……之外。如:I have two other umbrellas besides this one.

  45. big, great, large

  big强调体积,质量,容量和重量大。如:a big box.Big也有抽象意义,指重大事件或行为。如:a big mistake

  great带感情色彩,多指限度和质量,指详细事物或人时,表“突出”,“引人注目”。如:a great man

  large多指面积,数目或数量大。如:a large population, a large number等。

  46. bloom, blossom

  bloom多指供观赏植物开花。如:The roses are blooming.

  blossom多指果树等植物开花。如:The apple trees are blossoming.

  47. borrow, lend

  borrow借入。如:Can I borrow your pen for a moment?

  lend把……借给。如:Can you lend me your bike?

  48. bring, take

  bring带来。如:Bring me some water, please.

  take拿走。如:Shall I take some flowers when I go and see her?

  49. calculate, compute, estimate

  calculate普通指用数学办法进行比较复杂,难度较大精准计算。如:You can‘t expect a schoolboy to calculate distances in astronomy.

  compute常指比较简朴运算。如:It was computed that two thirds of the students in the class passed the examination.

  estimate预计,常指对数量、成本等事先进行判断或预计。如:Some farmers asked the weatherman to estimate next year‘s rainfall.

  50. cheat, deceive, trick

  cheat欺骗,惯用词,重要指为了自己利益欺骗人。

  deceive表达隐瞒真相或以假相骗人。如:The boy deceived the teacher by lying.

  trick哄骗,表达耍手段进行欺骗,强调在行骗时使用计策,有时也指并非出于恶意欺骗。如:Tom cleverly tricked his mother into approval.

  51. childish, childlike

  childish幼稚。如:It was very childish of him to lose his temper over something so unimportant.

  childlike孩子般天真。如:When she won the gold medal, there was childlike smile on her face.

  52. choose, pick, select, elect

  choose是一惯用词,表普通“选取”。

  pick通惯用于不需要认真权衡,对比就能做出决定。

  select侧重“在同类许多东西中,进行有斟酌精选”。

  elect指选举或用其她办法推选人。

  53. cloth, clothing

  cloth布。如:I need three yards of cloth to make a suit.

  clothing衣服(总称)。如:You‘d better give all the old clothing away.

  54. complex, complicated

  均可表“复杂”。

  complex为惯用词。

  complicated为正式用词,表由于构成某些太多,互有关系太复杂而不能理解,语调很强。

  55. compose, consist, constitute

  compose为惯用词,惯用被动语态,如用积极语态,主语应用复数形式。如:Twelve men compose a jury.(十二人构成陪审团。)

  consist表一种整体由几种某些构成(只能用积极语态)。如:The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Island.(联合王国是由大不列颠及北爱尔兰组  成。)

  constitute为正式用词,与consist相反,表由哪些某些构成整体。如:Twelve months constitute a year.(一年有十二个月。)

  56. considerable, considerate

  considerable相称多,可观。如:He met a considerable amount of trouble.(她遇到了许多麻烦。)

  considerate 考虑周到,体谅。如:It was considerate of you not to trouble us.(你真体贴人,不打扰咱们。)

  57. consistent, constant, continual, continuous

  consistent一致,符合。如:His action is always consistent with his words.

  constant不断,表达持续和惯常重现,往往没有变化。如:He attributes his health to his constant exercise.

  continual屡屡,不断,时断时续,中间可有间歇。如:Continual smoking is bad for health.

  continuous不断延伸,持续不断,强调中间无间断。如:Everything in the universe undergoes continuous development and change.

  58. crack, crash

  crack(使)破裂,砸开。如:I can crack it, but I can‘t break it. (我能把它弄裂,但不能把它弄破。)

  crash摔坏,坠毁。如:The plane crashed shortly after the take-off.(飞机起飞不久就坠毁了。)

  59. crawl, creep

  crawl多指蛇,虫类等身体沿地面或其她表面动作。如:There is an insect crawling up your back. (有一虫子正在你背上往上爬。)

  creep多指哺乳动物或人等用四肢爬行动物偷偷摸摸无声缓慢前行动作。如:They arrived late and crept into the classroom.(咱们迟到了,便悄悄地溜进教室。)

  60. cure, treat

  cure治愈,医治。如:The medicine will cure of your disease.(这药能治好你病。)

  cure表达治好,treat只表达“给……治病”。

  61. current, present

  均可表“当前”,“当前”。

  current强调在现阶段正在流行,通用,但不一定是最新。如:current English (当代英语)

  present为惯用词,指当前正在通用,在时间上比current范畴更窄。如:What‘s your present address?(你现住址是哪里?)

  62. custom, habit

  均可表习惯。

  custom为正式用词,多指社团或人们习惯行为方式。

  habit为惯用词,多指个人因多次重复而形成做某事趋势或意愿。如:He has the bad habit of biting his nails.(她有咬手指坏习惯。)

  63. damage, destroy, harm, ruin

  均可表“破坏”,“损坏”。

  damage普通指某些性破坏,含可修复使用。

  destroy指十分彻底毁坏,破坏。如:The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake.(地震中整个都市被毁了。)

  harm多指带来悲痛,产生恶果伤害,可以是肉体也可是精神。如:Doctors say smoking harms our health.(医生说吸烟对身体有害。)

  ruin为正式用词,强调由于自然力或时间作用而逐渐损坏,用于比喻时也指彻底毁坏名声,盼望等。如:She poured water all over my painting and ruined it. (她把水倒在画上,把它毁了。)此外,ruin复数形式ruins表“废墟”。

  64. decrease, reduce

  decrease多表达逐渐缩小。如:The swelling decreased daily.(肿胀日渐消退。)

  reduce为惯用词,使用范畴较大,可指尺寸,数量,规模和限度等,也可指地位,经济状况。如:He won‘t reduce the rent of the house.(她不肯减少房租。)

  65. dependent, independent

  dependent依赖,依托(on, upon)。如:Success is dependent on your hard work.

  Independent 不依托,独立(of)。如:John was independent of his parents when he was still a child.

  66. desert, dessert

  desert沙漠。如:Have you ever been to a desert?

  Dessert甜食。如:What would you like for dessert, an apple pie or ice-cream?

  67. discover, invent

  discover发现。如:A coal mine has been discovered in that area.

  invent创造,创造。如:A kind of toothbrush has been invented to relieve toothache.

  68. duty, responsibility

  均有“责任”之意,可换用。

  duty意义较广,多指发自内心道德伦理上责任感。

  responsibility着重指从道义或法律上对事件之后果负责。如:I took full responsibility for breaking the vase.(我承担打破花瓶所有责任。)

  69. effective, efficient

  均可表达“有效”。

  effective惯用以指物,强调能产生某种预期效果。如:effective medicine, effective method等。

  efficient“效率高”,“有能力”,用以指人或物,着重有效地运用时间、精力并获得预期效果。如:The German telephone system is highly efficient. (德国电话系统效率很高。)

  70. economic, economical

  economic经济(学)。如:the economic doctrines of Ricardo(李嘉图经济学说)

  economical节约,节俭。如:He is economical of money and time.

  71. electric, electrical, electronic

  三词都与电关于

  electric着重于发电,电动或导电。如:electric generator(发电机);electric light(电灯)

  electrical多指自身不产生电,但是与电关于。如:electrical engineering(电机工程);an electrical transcription(广播唱片)

  electronic 电子,电子操作。如:electronic engineering(电子工程学)

  72. emergence, emergency

  emergence是emerge名词形式。

  Emergency意为“紧急状况”,“突然事件”。

  73. everyday, every day

  everyday每日,寻常(作定语)。如:This morning exercise has become my everyday routine.

  every day每天(作状语)。如:She gets up early every day.

  74. endure, bear, stand, tolerate, withstand

  都表忍受,忍耐。

  bear忍受,容忍,指忍受使人悲痛、烦恼或痛苦事情。如:It is hard to bear to be laughed at.(被人取笑是难以忍受。)

  endure忍耐,书面语,指长时间经受痛苦而不屈服。如:It takes patience to endure hardships. 忍受苦难需要耐力。)

  stand忍受,与bear同义,但较口语化。如:She can‘t stand having nothing to do.(没事干,她受不了。)

  tolerate容忍,容许,指自我克制态度,对于令人反感事没有任何抗议。如:I can‘t tolerate him if he goes on like that. (她如果继续这样下去话,我决不会容忍她。)

  withstand经受,承受,指顶住外来压力和攻势。如:They have withstood all test.(她们经受了一切考验。)

  75. error, mistake, fault, shortcoming

  均表“缺陷”,“错误”。

  error是通用词,指任何错误,“出错误”可以说commit /make an error.

  mistake指判断或理解方面,或指因考虑不周而导致错误,搭配是make a mistake.

  fault表达“过错”,可与error通用,现多用来指缺陷,特指缺少某要素因而不完美。如:There is a fault in this machine.(这台机器有一处毛病。)构成短语 find fault with挑剔,找毛病。

  shortcoming 缺陷,可指人或事物本质上局限性之处(惯用复数)。如:In spite of his shortcomings, I still like him.(尽管她缺陷多,我依然喜欢她。)

  76. especially, particularly, specially

  均可表“特别地”。

  especially普通表达某事物在乎义、限度、重要性性超过其她事物。如:I love Italy, especially in summer.(我喜欢意大利,特别在夏天。)

  particularly往往着重阐明与同类事物不同个别事物。如:The visitors admired his paintings, but particularly the portrait of his daughter.(来访者赞赏她所有绘画,特别是她女儿画像。)

  specially 多表达“专门地”,“为特别目地”,如表“不寻常”,“过度”等,可与especially通用。如:I made chocolate cake specially for you.(我特地为你做了巧克力蛋糕。)

  77. exchange, replace, substitute

  均具有“换”之意。

  exchange指“互相互换”。

  replace含义为“替代”,“取代”。如:George has replaced Edward as captain of the team.(乔石治已接替爱德华担任队长。)

  substitute则表达“用……代替”。如:We substitute nylon for cotton.(咱们用尼龙代替了棉花。)

  78. fall, descend

  都可表向下运动。

  fall指由于重力突然从高处落下或由于失去平衡而跌倒。如:She slipped and fell down.(她滑了一下摔倒了。)

  descend多指沿着斜面而缓慢向下移动。如:He descended the hill.(她下山了。)

  79. fame, honor, reputation

  都可表名声

  80. fell, fall

  fell砍伐(树木)。如:They are felling the trees.(她们在砍树。)

  fell也可作fall过去式;fell作“砍伐”时,它过去式,过去分词分别为felled, felled.

  81. formally, formerly

  formally正式地。如:We were required to dress formally for the party.

  formerly从前。如:Formerly he worked in a factory, but now he is a teacher.

  82. frank, honest, sincere

  都与坦率关于。

  frank直率,坦白,着重表达自己情感和想法时没有保存。如:To be frank with you, I do not know the answer myself.(诚实说,我自己也不懂得答案。)

  honest诚实,正直,指遵守正直等道德准则。如:We want your honest opinion, not empty compliments.(咱们需要你诚心恳意见,而不是空洞恭维。)

  Sincere诚挚,诚恳,强调出自内心真心实意。如:Please accept this as a token of my sincere gratitude.(请接受这份表达我真诚感谢礼物。)

  83. gaze, stare, glance, glimpse

  都与“看”关于。

  gaze“凝视”,强调由于惊奇、兴趣,目不转睛地注视。

  Stare强调由于好奇、胆怯或无意地睁大眼睛盯着看看。

  glare“怒视”,是凶狠地具有威胁地盯着看。

  glimpse“一瞥”,是短暂而急促地看,具故意地匆匆地看一眼,现多用作名词。

  [注意]普通表达“看”单词大多同at搭配构成短,但glimpse却有catch (have) a glimpse of这一搭配。

  84. genius, gift, talent

  均有天才之意。

  genius天才,是这三词中限度最高词。如:Shakespeare was a man of great genius.

  gift天赋,比“天才”意义要弱一点,可用复数。如:He is a man of many gifts.(她多才多艺。)

  talent才干,普通不用复数,指通过学习和勤奋掌握本领、技术和其她活动能力。如:As a novelist, he shows great talent in characterization.(作为故事家,她在描写人物方面显出很大才干。)

  85. get, achieve, acquire, attain, gain, obtain

  均可表“获得”。

  get用得最广,可指以各种方式获得各种东西。如:Where can I get enough information?(我从哪儿能得到足够资料?)

  achieve多指克服困难后获得胜利,成功,强调“得到”这一成果。如:He achieved his ambition in the end.(她最后实现了她抱负。)

  acquire指通过自身努力逐渐获得知识、能力和荣誉等。如:acquire knowledge(获得知识)。

  attain为正式用词,多用于庄严场合,重要指通过努力达到重要目或得到贵重东西。如:The scientist attained great fame by a new discovery.(那科学家由于一次新发现而出了名。)

  gain多指付出极大努力后获得或赢得给自己带来优势东西。如:They gained the victory after a bloody battle.(浴血奋战后她们赢得了胜利。)

  obtain多指凭努力或哀求得到急需或很想得到东西。如:Howard had failed to obtain a scholarship.(霍华德没能得到奖学金。)

  86. grasp, seize, snatch

  均有“抓”意思。

  grasp为惯用词,是用适度力量抓牢。

  seize是突然用力抓住。

  snatch“攫取”,指出其不意地,突然一把抓住并拿向自己。

  87. hanged, hung

  hang, hanged, hanged吊死。如:He hanged himself when he failed.

  Hang, hung, hung悬挂。如:His pictures were hung in the museum.

  88. haste, hurry, speed

  都与速度关于。

  haste急速,匆匆,多指人动作迅速和匆忙。如:I felt no haste to depart.(我不急着走。)

  hurry匆匆,匆忙,常表达混乱,焦急和忙乱意思。如:I forgot to pay my bill in my hurry.

  Speed迅速,快,不暗示忙乱或焦急。如:More haste, less speed.(欲速则不达。)

  89. hard, hardly

  hard努力地。如:Take it easy. You‘ve been working too hard.

  hardly几乎不,简直不。如:The children can hardly wait to hear the news.

  90. home, house

  home家。如:East or west, home is best.

  House房子,住宅。如:Our new house is quite near the station.

  91. equal, equivalent, identical, same

  皆含相似,相等之意。

  equal相似,相等,特指“数量,价值等”相似。如:Their ages are equal.

  equivalent相等,特指“价值,效力,意义”等相似。如:This sentence is equivalent to that.

  identical相似,相等,侧重于某一细节上完全相似。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasions.

  identical相似,相等,侧重于某一细节上完全相似。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasion.(她在两种场合穿同样衣服。)

  same相似,表达在质量、类型、外表或意义上相似,而事实上有差别。如:He is of about the same age as you.

  92. imaginable, imaginary, imaginative

  都是与想象关于形容词。

  imaginable可以想象得到。如:This is the only solution imaginable.(这是惟一想得出解决办法。)

  imaginary假想,虚构。如:an imaginary character in a story(故事里虚构人物)

  imaginative富于想象力力。如:an imaginative artist(想像力丰定艺术家)

  93. indifferent, different

  indifferent冷漠,不关怀,同to搭配。如:He was indifferent to his personal appearance.(她从前不注意自己外表。)

  different跟……不同样,同from搭配。如:This book is different from that one.(这本书跟那本不同样。)

  94. industrial, industrious

  industrial工业,产业。如:Italy is becoming an industrial nation.(意大利逐渐成为工业国。)

  industrious勤快,勤奋。如:He is an industrious student.(她是个用功学生。)

  95. influence, effect

  均有“影响”之意。

  influence可作动词、名词,指对某人思想行为、性格等产生影响。如:She was influenced by her middle school teachers.(她受中学时教师影响。)

  effect用作动词意为“导致”,“产生”,用作名词强调由于影响而产生特殊效果。如:The effects of the medicine are very good.(药效较好。)

  96. intention, idea, purpose

  intention重要指个人心里产生做某事欲望或得到某物想法,常用搭配是have the intention of doing something.

  Idea指“意见”,“看法”。

  Purpose意为“目”,着重于实现目决心和待付出努力。如:For what purpose do you learn English?(你学英文目是什么?)

  97. last, lat

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