《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录16篇

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录16篇

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录(1)

　　Shall I compare thee to summer"s day? 我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？

　　Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 你不独比它可爱也比它温婉

　　Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，

　　And summer"s lease hath all too short a date: 夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：

　　Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，

　　And often is his gold complexion dimm"d; 它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：

　　And every fair from fair sometime declines, 被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，

　　By chance or nature"s changing course untrimm"d;

　　没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。

　　But thy eternal summer shall not fade. 但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，

　　Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; 也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，

　　Nor shall Death brag thou wander"st in his shade,

　　或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，

　　When in eternal lines to time thou growest: 当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。

　　So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，

　　So long lives this and this gives life to thee. 这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。

　　我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？

　　你不独比它可爱也比它温婉：

　　狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，

　　夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：

　　天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，

　　它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：

　　被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，

　　没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。

　　但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，

　　也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，

　　或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，

　　当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。

　　只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，

　　这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。

　　四行诗是源于意大利民间的一种抒情短诗，文艺复兴初期时盛行于整个欧洲，其结构十分严谨，分为上下两部分，上段为八行，下段为六行，每行十一个音节，韵脚排列：abba abba,cdc ded。莎士比亚的十四行诗的结构却更严谨，他将十四个诗行分为两部分，第一部分为三个四行，第二部分为两行，每行十个音节，韵脚为：abab,cdcd,efef,gg。这样的格式后来被称为“莎士比亚式”或“伊丽莎白式”。对诗人而言，诗的结构越严禁就越难抒情，而莎士比亚的十四行诗却毫不拘谨，自由奔放，正如他的剧作天马行空，其诗歌的语言也富于想象，感情充沛。

　　正如同一个人可以有不止一张照片或者画像那样，一首诗歌也可以有不止一个翻译。这照片、画像、翻译自然不会完全相同，会有优劣好坏的差别。但是，由于欣赏者的口味不一，在不同的欣赏者眼里，不同的作品会有不同的得分。

　　这首诗的艺术特点首先是在于它有着双重主题：一是赞美诗人爱友的美貌，二是歌颂了诗歌艺术的不朽力量。其次就是诗人在诗中运用了新颖的比喻，但又自然而生动。

　　本文以莎士比亚的十四行诗第十八首里的几个意象作为对朋友美的暗示为切入点:狂风、苍天的巨眼、金彩的脸色,探讨莎翁在赞扬人性方面所涉及的人类和自然之间的关系以及对诗歌主题的宇宙化延伸.

　　文言译文：

　　美人当青春，婉丽自销魂。

　　焉知东风恶，良辰讵待人？

　　朝日何皋皋，暮色何昏昏。

　　众芳俱摇落，天意倩谁询？

　　我有丹青笔，腾挪似有神。

　　为君驻颜色，风霜不可侵。

　　丹青亦难久，罔若诗与琴？

　　延年歌一曲，万古扬清芬。

　　白话译文：

　　我能否将你比作夏天？

　　你比夏天更美丽温婉。

　　狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，

　　夏日的勾留何其短暂？

　　休恋那丽日当空，

　　转眼会云雾迷蒙。

　　休叹那百花飘零，

　　催折于无常的天命。

　　唯有你永恒的夏日常新，

　　你的美亦将毫发无损。

　　死神也无缘将你幽禁，

　　你在我永恒的诗中长存。

　　只要世间尚有人类，尚有能看的眼睛，

　　这诗就将流传，赋予你新的生命。

　　白话译本：

　　我能否将你比作夏天？

　　你比夏天更美丽温婉。

　　狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，

　　夏日的勾留何其短暂。

　　休恋那丽日当空，

　　转眼会云雾迷蒙。

　　休叹那百花飘零，

　　催折于无常的天命。

　　唯有你永恒的夏日常新，

　　你的美貌亦毫发无损。

　　死神也无缘将你幽禁，

　　你在我永恒的诗中长存。

　　只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇，

　　这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜。

　　沁园春[1]·莎士比亚十四行诗第29首

　　残夜沉沉，四野幽幽，独仰斗牛[2]。

　　叹命途多舛，功名无梦；流离颠沛，失意蒙羞。

　　我欲呼天，苍天无耳，此恨绵绵不可休[3]。

　　流清泪，问云山雾水，何处归舟？

　　当年豪气难酬。更逝水流年憎白头[4]。

　　羡相如才气，文章山斗；谢家子弟，竞逞风流[5]。

　　忽忆知音，莺啼雀跃，无限春风明月楼[6]。

　　生平事，念此情长在，不屑王侯[7]。

　　当我受尽命运和人们的白眼，

　　暗暗地哀悼自己的身世飘零，

　　徒用呼吁去干扰聋瞆的昊天，

　　顾盼着身影，诅咒自己的生辰，

　　愿我和另一个一样富于希望，

　　面貌相似，又和他一样广交游，

　　希求这人的渊博，那人的内行，

　　最赏心的乐事觉得最不对头；

　　可是，当我正要这样看轻自己，

　　忽然想起了你，于是我的精神，

　　便像云雀破晓从阴霾的大地

　　振翮上升，高唱着圣歌在天门：

　　一想起你的爱使我那么富有，

　　和帝王换位我也不屑于屈就

　　When, In Disgrace With Fortune and Men"s Eyes

　　by William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　When，in disgrace with fortune and men"s eyes,

　　I all alone beweep my outcast state

　　And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries

　　And look upon myself and curse my fate,

　　Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,

　　Featur"d like him, like him with friends possess"d,

　　Desiring this man"s art and that man"s scope,

　　With what I most enjoy contented least;

　　Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,

　　Haply I think on thee, and then my state,

　　Like to the lark at break of day arising

　　From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven"s gate;

　　For thy sweet love remember"d such wealth brings

　　That then I scorn to change my state with kings.

　　Iambic 五音步诗行 pentameter rhythm rhyme

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录(2)

　　Shall I compare thee to summer"s day? 我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？

　　Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 你不独比它可爱也比它温婉

　　Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，

　　And summer"s lease hath all too short a date: 夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：

　　Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，

　　And often is his gold complexion dimm"d; 它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：

　　And every fair from fair sometime declines, 被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，

　　By chance or nature"s changing course untrimm"d;

　　没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。

　　But thy eternal summer shall not fade. 但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，

　　Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; 也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，

　　Nor shall Death brag thou wander"st in his shade,

　　或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，

　　When in eternal lines to time thou growest: 当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。

　　So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，

　　So long lives this and this gives life to thee. 这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。

　　我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？

　　你不独比它可爱也比它温婉：

　　狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，

　　夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：

　　天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，

　　它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：

　　被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，

　　没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。

　　但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，

　　也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，

　　或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，

　　当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。

　　只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，

　　这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。

　　四行诗是源于意大利民间的一种抒情短诗，文艺复兴初期时盛行于整个欧洲，其结构十分严谨，分为上下两部分，上段为八行，下段为六行，每行十一个音节，韵脚排列：abba abba,cdc ded。莎士比亚的十四行诗的结构却更严谨，他将十四个诗行分为两部分，第一部分为三个四行，第二部分为两行，每行十个音节，韵脚为：abab,cdcd,efef,gg。这样的格式后来被称为“莎士比亚式”或“伊丽莎白式”。对诗人而言，诗的结构越严禁就越难抒情，而莎士比亚的十四行诗却毫不拘谨，自由奔放，正如他的剧作天马行空，其诗歌的语言也富于想象，感情充沛。

　　正如同一个人可以有不止一张照片或者画像那样，一首诗歌也可以有不止一个翻译。这照片、画像、翻译自然不会完全相同，会有优劣好坏的差别。但是，由于欣赏者的口味不一，在不同的欣赏者眼里，不同的作品会有不同的得分。

　　这首诗的艺术特点首先是在于它有着双重主题：一是赞美诗人爱友的美貌，二是歌颂了诗歌艺术的不朽力量。其次就是诗人在诗中运用了新颖的比喻，但又自然而生动。

　　本文以莎士比亚的十四行诗第十八首里的几个意象作为对朋友美的暗示为切入点:狂风、苍天的巨眼、金彩的脸色,探讨莎翁在赞扬人性方面所涉及的人类和自然之间的关系以及对诗歌主题的宇宙化延伸.

　　文言译文：

　　美人当青春，婉丽自销魂。

　　焉知东风恶，良辰讵待人？

　　朝日何皋皋，暮色何昏昏。

　　众芳俱摇落，天意倩谁询？

　　我有丹青笔，腾挪似有神。

　　为君驻颜色，风霜不可侵。

　　丹青亦难久，罔若诗与琴？

　　延年歌一曲，万古扬清芬。

　　白话译文：

　　我能否将你比作夏天？

　　你比夏天更美丽温婉。

　　狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，

　　夏日的勾留何其短暂？

　　休恋那丽日当空，

　　转眼会云雾迷蒙。

　　休叹那百花飘零，

　　催折于无常的天命。

　　唯有你永恒的夏日常新，

　　你的美亦将毫发无损。

　　死神也无缘将你幽禁，

　　你在我永恒的诗中长存。

　　只要世间尚有人类，尚有能看的眼睛，

　　这诗就将流传，赋予你新的生命。

　　白话译本：

　　我能否将你比作夏天？

　　你比夏天更美丽温婉。

　　狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，

　　夏日的勾留何其短暂。

　　休恋那丽日当空，

　　转眼会云雾迷蒙。

　　休叹那百花飘零，

　　催折于无常的天命。

　　唯有你永恒的夏日常新，

　　你的美貌亦毫发无损。

　　死神也无缘将你幽禁，

　　你在我永恒的诗中长存。

　　只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇，

　　这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜。

　　沁园春[1]·莎士比亚十四行诗第29首

　　残夜沉沉，四野幽幽，独仰斗牛[2]。

　　叹命途多舛，功名无梦；流离颠沛，失意蒙羞。

　　我欲呼天，苍天无耳，此恨绵绵不可休[3]。

　　流清泪，问云山雾水，何处归舟？

　　当年豪气难酬。更逝水流年憎白头[4]。

　　羡相如才气，文章山斗；谢家子弟，竞逞风流[5]。

　　忽忆知音，莺啼雀跃，无限春风明月楼[6]。

　　生平事，念此情长在，不屑王侯[7]。

　　当我受尽命运和人们的白眼，

　　暗暗地哀悼自己的身世飘零，

　　徒用呼吁去干扰聋瞆的昊天，

　　顾盼着身影，诅咒自己的生辰，

　　愿我和另一个一样富于希望，

　　面貌相似，又和他一样广交游，

　　希求这人的渊博，那人的内行，

　　最赏心的乐事觉得最不对头；

　　可是，当我正要这样看轻自己，

　　忽然想起了你，于是我的精神，

　　便像云雀破晓从阴霾的大地

　　振翮上升，高唱着圣歌在天门：

　　一想起你的爱使我那么富有，

　　和帝王换位我也不屑于屈就

　　When, In Disgrace With Fortune and Men"s Eyes

　　by William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　When，in disgrace with fortune and men"s eyes,

　　I all alone beweep my outcast state

　　And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries

　　And look upon myself and curse my fate,

　　Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,

　　Featur"d like him, like him with friends possess"d,

　　Desiring this man"s art and that man"s scope,

　　With what I most enjoy contented least;

　　Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,

　　Haply I think on thee, and then my state,

　　Like to the lark at break of day arising

　　From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven"s gate;

　　For thy sweet love remember"d such wealth brings

　　That then I scorn to change my state with kings.

　　Iambic 五音步诗行 pentameter rhythm rhyme

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录(3)

　　SONNET #1

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　FROM fairest creatures we desire increase,

　　That thereby beauty"s rose might never die,

　　But as the riper should by time decease,

　　His tender heir might bear his memory;

　　But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,

　　Feed"st thy light"s flame with self-substantial fuel,

　　Making a famine where abundance lies,

　　Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.

　　Thout that are now the world"s fresh ornament

　　And only herald to the gaudy spring,

　　Within thine own bud buriest thy content

　　And, tender churl, mak"st waste in niggarding.

　　Pity the world, or else this glutton be,

　　To eat the world"s due, by the grave and thee.

　　SONNET #2

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　WHEN forty winters shall besiege thy brow

　　And dig deep trenches in thy beauty"s field,

　　Thy youth"s proud livery, so gazed on now,

　　Will be a tottered weed of small worth held:

　　Then being asked where all thy beauty lies,

　　Where all the treasure of thy lusty days,

　　To say within thine own deep-sunken eyes

　　Were an all-eating shame and thriftless praise.

　　How much more prasie deserved thy beauty"s use

　　If thou couldst answer, "This fair child of mine

　　Shall sum my count and make my old excuse,"

　　Proving his beauty by succession thine.

　　This were to be new made when thou art old

　　And see thy blood warm when thou feel"st cold.

　　SONNET #3

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　LOOK in thy glass, and tell the face thou viewest

　　Now is the time that face should form another,

　　Whose fresh repair if now thou renewest,

　　Thou dost beguile the world, unbless some mother.

　　For where is she so fair whose uneared womb

　　Disdains the tillage of thy husbandry?

　　Or who is he so fond will be the tomb

　　Of his self-love, to stop posterity?

　　Thou art thy mother"s glass, and she in thee

　　Calls back the lovely April of her prime;

　　So thou through windows of thine age shalt see,

　　Despite of wrinkles, this thy golden time.

　　But if thou live rememb"red not to be,

　　Die single, and thine image dies with thee.

　　SONNET #4

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　UNTHRIFTY loveliness, why dost thou spend

　　Upon thyself they beauty"s legacy?

　　Nature"s bequest gives nothing but doth lend,

　　And, being frank, she lends to those are free.

　　Then, beateous niggard, why dost thou abuse

　　The bounteous largess given thee to give?

　　Profitless userer, why dost thou use

　　So great a sum of sums, yet canst not live?

　　For, having traffic with thyself alone,

　　Thou of thyself thy sweet self dost deceive:

　　Then how, when Nature calls thee to be gone,

　　What acceptable audit canst thou leave?

　　Thy unused beauty must be tombed with thee,

　　Which, usèd, lives th" executor to be.

　　SONNET #5

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　THOSE hours that with gentle work did frame

　　The lovely gaze where every eye doth dwell

　　Will play the tyrants to the very same

　　And that unfair which fairly doth excel;

　　For never-resting time leads summer on

　　To hideous winter and confounds him there,

　　Sap checked with frost and lusty leaves quite gone,

　　Beauty o"ersnowed and bareness everywhere.

　　Then, were not summer"s distillation left

　　A liquid prisoner pent in walls of glass,

　　Beauty"s effect with beauty were bereft,

　　Nor it nor no remembrance what it was:

　　But flowers distilled, though they with winter meet,

　　Leese but there snow; their substance still lives sweet.

　　SONNET #6

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　THEN let not winter"s ragged hand deface

　　In thee thy summer ere thou be distilled:

　　Make sweet some vial; treasure thou some place

　　With beauty"s treasure ere it be self-killed.

　　That use is not forbidden usury

　　Which happies those that pay the willing loan;

　　That"s for thyself to breed another thee,

　　Or ten times happier be it ten for one.

　　Ten times thyself were happier than thou art,

　　If ten of thine ten times refigured thee:

　　Then what could death do if thou shouldst depart,

　　Leaving thee living in posterity?

　　Be not self-willed, for thou art much too fair

　　To be death"s conquest and make worms thine heir.

　　SONNET #7

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　LO, in the orient when the gracious light

　　Lifts up his burning head, each under eye

　　Doth homage to his new-appearing sight,

　　Serving with looks his sacred majesty;

　　And having climbed the steep-up heavenly hill,

　　Resembling strong yough in his middle age,

　　Yet mortal looks adore his beauty still,

　　Attending on his golden pilgrimage;

　　But when from highmost pitch, with weary car,

　　Like feeble age he reeleth from the day,

　　The eyes, fore duteous, now converted are

　　From his low tract and look another way:

　　So thou, thyself outgoing in thy noon,

　　Unlooked on diest unless thou get a son.

　　SONNET #8

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　MUSIC to hear, why hear"st thou music sadly?

　　Sweets with sweets war not, joy delights in joy:

　　Why lov"st thou that which thou receiv"st not gladly,

　　Or else receiv"st with pleasure thine annoy?

　　If the true concord of well-tunèd sounds,

　　By unions married, do offend thine ear,

　　They do but sweetly chide thee, who confounds

　　In singleness the parts that thou shouldst bear.

　　Mark how one string, sweet husband to another,

　　Strikes each in each by mutual ordering;

　　Resembling sire and child and happy mother,

　　Who, all in one, one pleasing note do sing;

　　Whose speechless song, being many, seeming one,

　　Sings this to thee, "Thou single wilt prove none."

　　SONNET #9

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　IS it for fear to wet a widow"s eye

　　That thou consum"st thyself in single life?

　　Ah, if thou issueless shalt hap to die,

　　The world will wail thee like a makeless wife;

　　The world will be thy widow, and still weep

　　That thou no form of thee hast left behind,

　　When every private widow well may keep,

　　By children"s eyes, her husband"s shape in mind.

　　Look what an unthrift in the world doth spend

　　Shifts but his place, for still the world enjoys it;

　　But beauty"s waste hath in the world an end,

　　And, kept unused, the user so destroys it:

　　No love toward others in that bosom sits

　　Than on himself such murd"rous shame commits

　　SONNET #10

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　FOR shame, deny that thou bear"st love to any

　　Who for thyself art so unprovident:

　　Grant, if thou wilt, thou art beloved of many,

　　But that thou none lov"st is most evident;

　　For thou art so possessed with murd"rous hate

　　That "gainst thyself thou stick"st not to conspire,

　　Seeking that beauteous roof to ruinate

　　Which to repair should be thy chief desire.

　　O, change thy thought, that I may change my mind;

　　Shall hate be fairer lodged than gentle love?

　　Be as thy presence is, gracious and kind,

　　Or to thyself at least kind-hearted prove:

　　Make thee another self for love of me,

　　That beauty still may live in thine or thee.

　　SONNET #11

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　AS fast as thou shalt wane, so fast thou grow"st

　　In one of thine, from that which thou departest;

　　And that fresh blood which youngly thou bestow"st

　　Thou mayst call thine when thou from youth convertest.

　　Herein lives wisdom, beauty, and increase;

　　Without this, folly, age, and cold decay.

　　If all were minded so, the times should cease,

　　And threescore year would make the world away.

　　Let those whom Nature hath not made for store,

　　Harsh, featureless, and rude, barrenly perish:

　　Look whom she best endowed she gave the more,

　　Which bounteous gift thou shouldst in bounty cherish.

　　She carved thee for her seal, and meant thereby

　　Thou shouldst print more, not let that copy die.

　　SONNET #12

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　WHEN I do count the clock that tells the time

　　And see the brave day sunk in hideous night,

　　When I behold the violet past prime

　　And sable curls all silvered o"er with white,

　　When lofty trees I see barren of leaves,

　　Which erst from heat did canopy the herd,

　　And summer"s green all girded up in sheaves

　　Borne on the bier with white and bristly beard;

　　Then of thy beauty do I question make

　　That thou among the wastes of time must go,

　　Since sweets and beauties do themselves forsake

　　And die as fast as they see others grow;

　　And nothing "gainst Time"s scythe can make defense

　　Save breed, to brave him when he takes thee hence.

　　SONNET #13

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　O , THAT you were yourself, but, love, you are

　　No longer yours than you yourself here live:

　　Against this coming end you should prepare,

　　And your sweet semblance to some other give.

　　So should that beauty which you hold in lease

　　Find no determination; then you were

　　Yourself again after yourself"s decease

　　When your sweet issue your sweet form should bear.

　　Who lets so fair a house fall to decay,

　　Which husbandry in honor might uphold

　　Against the stormy gusts of winter"s day

　　And barren rage of death"s eternal cold?

　　O, none but unthrifts! Dear my love, you know

　　You had a father -- let your son say so.

　　SONNET #14

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　NOT from the stars do I my judgment pluck,

　　And yet methinks I have astronomy;

　　But not to tell of good or evil luck,

　　Of plagues, of dearths, or season"s quality;

　　Nor can I fortune to brief minutes tell,

　　Pointing to each his thunder, rain, and wind,

　　Or say with princes if it shall go well

　　By oft predict that I in heaven find;

　　But from thine eyes my knowledge I derive,

　　And, constant stars, in them I read such art

　　As truth and beauty shall together thrive

　　If from thyself to store thou wouldst convert:

　　Or else of thee this I prognosticate,

　　Thy end is truth"s and beauty"s doom and date.

　　SONNET #15

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　WHEN I consider everything that grows

　　Holds in perfection but a little moment,

　　That this huge stage presenteth nought but shows

　　Whereon the stars in secret influence comment;

　　When I perceive that men as plants increase,

　　Cheerèd and checked even by the selfsame sky,

　　Vaunt in their youthful sap, at height decrease,

　　And wear their brave state out of memory:

　　Then the conceit of this inconstant stay

　　Sets you most rich in youth before my sight,

　　Where wasteful Time debateth with Decay

　　To change your day of youth to sullied night;

　　And, all in war with Time for love of you,

　　As he takes from you, I ingraft you new.

　　SONNET #16

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　BUT wherefore do not you a mightier way

　　Make war upon this bloody tyrant, Time?

　　And fortify yourself in your decay

　　With means more blessèd than my barren rime?

　　Now stand you on the top of happy hours,

　　And many maiden gardens, yet unset,

　　With virtuous wish would bear your living flowers,

　　Much liker than your painted counterfeit:

　　So should the lines of life that life repair

　　Which this time"s pencil or my pupil pen,

　　Neither in inward worth nor outward fair

　　Can make you live yourself in eyes of men.

　　To give away yourself keeps yourself still,

　　And you must live, drawn by your own sweet skill.

　　"Sonnet #16" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #17

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　HO will believe my verse in time to come

　　If it were filled with your most high deserts?

　　Though yet, heaven knows, it is but as a tomb

　　Which hides your life and shows not half your parts.

　　If I could write the beauty of your eyes

　　And in fresh numbers number all your graces,

　　The age to come would say, "This poet lies--

　　Such heavenly touches ne"er touched earthly faces."

　　So should my papers, yellowed with their age,

　　Be scorned, like old men of less truth than tongue,

　　And your true rights be termed a poet"s rage

　　And stretchèd metre of an antique song.

　　But were some child of yours alive that time,

　　You should live twice--in it and in my rime.

　　"Sonnet #17" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #18

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　Shall I compare thee to a summer"s day?

　　Thou art more lovely and more temperate.

　　Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

　　And summer"s lease hath all too short a date.

　　Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

　　And often is his gold complexion dimmed;

　　And every fair from fair sometime declines,

　　By chance, or nature"s changing course, untrimmed:

　　But thy eternal summer shall not fade

　　Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow"st,

　　Nor shall Death brag thou wand"rest in his shade

　　When in eternal lines to time thou grow"st.

　　So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,

　　So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

　　"Sonnet #18" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #19

　　by: William Shakespeare

　　Devouring time, blunt thou the lion"s paws,

　　And make the earth devour her own sweet brood;

　　Pluck the keen teeth from the fierce tiger"s jaws,

　　And burn the long-lived phoenix in her blood;

　　Make glad and sorry seasons as they fleet"st,

　　And do whate"er thou wilt, swift-footed Time,

　　To the wide world and all her fading sweets,

　　But I forbid thee one most heinous crime:

　　O, carve not with thy hours my love"s fair brow,

　　Nor draw no lines there with thine antique pen;

　　Him in thy course untainted do allow

　　For beauty"s pattern to succeeding men.

　　Yet do thy worst, old Time: despite thy wrong,

　　My love shall in my verse ever live young.

　　"Sonnet #19" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #20

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　WOMAN"S face, with Nature"s own hand painted,

　　Hast thou, the master-mistress of my passion;

　　A woman"s gentle heart, but not acquainted

　　With shifting change, as is false women"s fashion;

　　An eye more bright than theirs, less false in rolling,

　　Gilding the object whereupon it gazeth;

　　A man in hue all hues in his controlling,

　　Which steals men"s eyes and women"s souls amazeth.

　　And for a woman wert thou first created,

　　Till Nature as she wrought thee fell a-doting,

　　And by addition me of thee defeated

　　By adding one thing to my purpose nothing.

　　But since she pricked thee out for women"s pleasure,

　　Mine be thy love, and thy love"s use their treasure.

　　"Sonnet #20" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #21

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　O is it not with me as with that Muse

　　Stirred by a painted beauty to his verse,

　　Who heaven itself for ornament doth use

　　And every fair with his fair doth rehearse;

　　Making a couplement of proud compare

　　With sun and moon, with earth and sea"s rich gems,

　　With April"s first-born flowers, and all things rare

　　That heaven"s airs in this huge rondure hems.

　　O let me, true in love, but truly write,

　　And then believe me, my love is as fair

　　As any mother"s child, though not so bright

　　As those gold candles fixed in heaven"s air:

　　Let them say more that like of hearsay well;

　　I will not praise that purpose not to sell.

　　"Sonnet #21" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #22

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　MY glass shall not persuade me I am old

　　So long as youth and thou are of one date;

　　But when in thee time"s furrows I behold,

　　Then look I death my days should expiate.

　　For all that beauty that doth cover thee

　　Is but the seemly raiment of my heart,

　　Which in they breast doth live, as thine in me:

　　How can I then be elder than thou art?

　　O therefore, love, be of thyself so wary

　　As I, not for myself, but for thee will,

　　Bearing thy heart, which I will keep so chary

　　As tender nurse her babe from faring ill.

　　Presume not on thy heart when mine is slain;

　　Thou gav"st me thine not to give back again.

　　"Sonnet #22" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #23

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　AS an unperfect actor on the stage,

　　Who with his fear is put besides his part,

　　Or some fierce thing replete with too much rage,

　　Whose strength"s abundance weakens his own heart;

　　So I, for fear of trust, forget to say

　　The perfect ceremony of love"s rite,

　　And in mine own love"s strength seem to decay,

　　O"ercharged with burden of mine own love"s might.

　　O, let my books be then the eloquence

　　And dump presagers of my speaking breast,

　　Who plead for love, and look for recompense,

　　More than that tongue that more hath more expressed.

　　O, learn to read what silent love hath writ:

　　To hear with eyes belongs to love"s fine wit.

　　"Sonnet #23" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #24

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　MINE eye hath played the painter and hath stelled

　　Thy beauty"s form in table of my heart;

　　My body is the frame wherein "tis held,

　　And perspective it is best painter"s art.

　　For through the painter must you see his skill

　　To fine where your true image pictured lies,

　　Which in my bosom"s shop is hanging still,

　　That hath his windows glazèd with thine eyes.

　　Now see what good turns eyes for eyes have done:

　　Mine eyes have drawn thy shape, and thine for me

　　Are windows to my breast, wherethrough the sun

　　Delights to peep, to gaze therein on thee.

　　Yet eyes this cunning want to grace their art;

　　They draw but what they see, know not the heart.

　　"Sonnet #24" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #25

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　LET those who are in favor with their stars

　　Of public honor and proud titles boast,

　　Whilst I, whom fortune of such triumph bars,

　　Unlooked for joy in that I honor most.

　　Great princes" favorites their fair leaves spread

　　But as the marigold at the sun"s eye;

　　And in themselves their pride lies burièd,

　　For at a frown they in their glory die.

　　The painful warrior famousèd for fight,

　　After a thousand victories once foiled,

　　Is from the book of honor rasèd quite,

　　And all the rest forgot for which he toiled.

　　Then happy I, that love and am beloved

　　Where I may not remove nor be removed.

　　"Sonnet #25" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #26

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　LORD of my love, to whom in vassalage

　　Thy merit hath my duty strongly knit,

　　To thee I send this written ambassage

　　To witness duty, not to show my wit;

　　Duty so great, which wit so poor as mine

　　May make seem bare, in wanting words to show it,

　　But that I hope some good coneit of thine

　　In thy soul"s thought, all naked, will bestow it;

　　Till whatsoever star that guides my moving

　　Points on me graciously with fair aspect,

　　And puts apparel on my tottered loving

　　To show me worthy of thy sweet respect:

　　Then may I dare to boast how I do love thee;

　　Till then not show my head where thou mayest prove me.

　　"Sonnet #26" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #27

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　WEARY with toil, I haste to my bed,

　　The dear repose for limbs with travel tired,

　　But then begins a journey in my head

　　To work my mind when body"s work"s expired;

　　For then my thoughts, from far where I abide,

　　Intend a zealous pilgrimage to thee,

　　And keep my drooping eyelids open wide,

　　Looking on darkness which the blind do see;

　　Save that my soul"s imaginary sight

　　Presents thy shadow to my sightless view,

　　Which, like a jewel hung in ghastly night,

　　Makes black night beauteous and her old face new.

　　Lo, thus, by day my limbs, by night my mind,

　　For thee and for myself no quiet find.

　　"Sonnet #27" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #28

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　HOW can I then return in happy plight

　　That am debarred the benefit of rest,

　　When day"s oppression is not eased by night,

　　And each, though enemies to either"s reign,

　　Do in consent shake hands to torture me,

　　The one by toil, the other to complain

　　How far I toil, still farther off from thee?

　　I tell the day, to please him, thou art bright

　　And dost him grace when clouds do blot the heaven;

　　So flatter I the swart-complexioned night,

　　When sparkling stars twire not, thou gild"st the even.

　　But day doth daily draw my sorrows longer,

　　And night doth nightly make grief"s strength seem stronger.

　　"Sonnet #28" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #29

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　WHEN, in disgrace with Fortune and men"s eyes,

　　I all alone beweep my outcast state,

　　And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries,

　　And look upon myself and curse my fate,

　　Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,

　　Featured like him, like him with friend"s possessed,

　　Desiring this man"s art, and that man"s scope,

　　With what I most enjoy contented least;

　　Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,

　　Haply I think on thee, and then my state,

　　Like to the lark at break of day arising

　　From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven"s gate;

　　For thy sweet love rememb"red such wealth brings

　　That then I scorn to change my state with kings.

　　"Sonnet #29" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #30

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　WHEN to the sessions of sweet silent thought

　　I summon up remembrance of things past,

　　I sigh the lack of many a thought I sought,

　　And with old woes new wail my dear time"s waste:

　　Then can I drown an eye, unused to flow,

　　For precious friends hid in death"s dateless night,

　　And weep afresh love"s long since cancelled woe,

　　And moan th" expense of many a vanished sight.

　　Then can I grieve at grievances foregone,

　　And heavily from woe to woe tell o"er

　　The sad account of fore-bemoanèd moan,

　　Which I new pay as if not paid before.

　　But if the while I think on thee, dear friend,

　　All losses are restored and sorrows end.

　　"Sonnet #30" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #31

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　THY bosom is endearèd with all hearts

　　Which I by lacking have supposèd dead;

　　And their reigns love, and all love"s loving parts,

　　And all those friends which I thought burièd.

　　How many a holy and obsequious tear

　　Hath dear religious love stol"n from mine eye,

　　As interest of the dead, which now appear

　　But things removed that hidden in thee lie!

　　Thou art the grave where buried love doth live,

　　Hung with the trophies of my lovers gone,

　　Who all their parts of me to thee did give;

　　That due of many now is thine alone.

　　Their images I loved I vew in thee,

　　And thou, all they, hast all the all of me.

　　"Sonnet #31" was originally published in Shake-speares Sonnets: Never before Imprinted (1609).

　　SONNET #32

　　by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　IF thou survive my well-contented day

　　When that churl Death my bones with dust shall cover,

　　And shalt by fortune once more resurvey

　　These poor rude lines of thy deceasèd lover,

　　Compare them with the bett-ring of the time,

　　And though they be outstripped by every pen,

　　Reserve them for my love, not for their rime,

　　Exceeded by the height of happier men.

　　O, then vouchsafe me but this loving thought:

　　"Had my friend"s Muse grown with this growing age,

　　A dearer birth than this his love had brought

　　To march in ranks of better equipage;

　　But since he died, and poets better prove,

　　Theirs for their style I"ll read, his for his love."

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录(4)

　　莎士比亚和他美丽的十四行诗

　　Shakespeare was a self-made man. He was the son of a glover from a small provincial town. He didn"t have powerful family connections and he didn"t go to university. But he went on to become the world"s most famous playwright and poet.

　　So how did he make his way in the world from relatively humble origins? What kind of man was he in terms of temperament? Was he comic or serious?

　　Yang Li went to Stratford-Upon-Avon and spoke to Dr. Nick Walton, lecturer and expert on Shakespeare at the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.

　　Dr Nick Walton is also deputy chairman of the International Shakespeare Society.

　　As you listen try to answer these questions:

　　1. Shakespeare is often referred to as _____ .

　　2. How much older than Shakespeare was his wife?

　　3. There are three key words Nick used to describe Shakespeare:

　　sympathetic, curious and ______.

　　莎翁名言

　　Today"s S Words saying is "it"s all Greek to me", 类似汉语中的对牛弹琴。

　　It"s from the famous history play Julius Caesar 历史剧凯撒大帝。

　　词汇精选：

　　self-made 自学成才

　　glover 皮匠

　　Shakespeare Birthplace Trust 莎士比亚出生地基金会

　　International Shakespeare Society 国际莎翁协会

　　Sonnet 116 十四行诗第116首

　　我绝不承认真心缔结的姻缘，

　　会有障碍；那种爱算不得爱：

　　若发现一丝风吹草动就改变，

　　或发现人家见异思迁就离开。

　　哦，决不！爱是永恒的航灯，

　　它凝望着暴风雨却丝毫不动，

　　爱犹如星辰指引迷舟的航程，

　　纵然高度可测量，价值无穷。

　　爱不受时光播弄，朱唇红颜，

　　终不免遭受时光之镰的摧折，

　　爱绝不会随时光而瞬息万变，

　　它会岿然屹立直到厄运终结。

　　若这话不对，或证明我说错，

　　我未曾写过，亦无人曾爱过。

　　背景介绍：

　　1. 威廉·莎士比亚[William Shakespeare]（1564-1616）英国文艺复兴时期伟大的戏剧家和诗人。欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。其十四行诗无论在体例还是内容上都给人耳目一新的感觉，热情的讴歌了友谊和爱，青春和美；感情充沛，思想深邃，节奏鲜明，辞采优美；是世界诗歌史上一笔宝贵的文化遗产他的十四行诗，是世界诗坛上的一颗明珠。

　　2. 《十四行诗》在莎士比亚的全部作品中占有非常重要的地位，诗集收有154首诗，大致认为作于1592年至1598年，1609年于伦敦首次出版。诗集分为两部分，第一部分为前126首，献给一个年轻的贵族（Fair Lord），诗人的诗热烈地歌颂了这位朋友的美貌以及他们的友情；第二部分为第127首至最后，献给一位"黑女士"（Dark Lady），描写爱情。

　　3. 莎士比亚重现Shakespear Retold：将莎翁四大经典戏剧麦克白、无事生非、驯悍记以及仲夏夜之梦以现代人的生活演绎。剧中有很多经典台词。本片段选自无事生非，故事情节大致是新闻女主播Beatrice与男主在三年前互相倾心，但是由于男主的放荡不羁，不愿被感情牵绊，在约会关头临阵退缩，一走了之。时隔三年，为了提高收视率，老板雇佣男主并与Beatrice一同工作，两人刚开始水火不容。但同事们巧妙安排了两出戏，让彼此都以为对方深恋着自己。二人看清彼此的真心，最后终于有情人终成眷属。

　　十四行诗英文名"Sonnet"，是欧洲文艺复兴时期兴起的一种散文式诗歌，它由14段句子组成，一般为ABAB CDCD EFEFGG。也是今天"非主流文学"的前身。Sonnet 18是Shakespeare 最有名的"Sonnet"这首诗在欧美的地位，就相当于《静夜思》在中国的地位。

　　初读时都以为这是一首情诗，不过其实是莎翁献给自己的好友——一位英俊青年的。一开始就把友人比作夏日，比得通俗自然而不落俗套，继而又进一步指出友人的青春、美貌更胜一筹，借诗人神笔，足以与时间抗衡，与天地共存。

　　Sonnet 18 Shall I compare thee to a summer"s day?

　　Shall I compare thee to a summer"s day?

　　能否把你比作夏日璀璨？

　　Thou art more lovely and more temperate.

　　你却比炎夏更可爱温存。

　　Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

　　狂风摧残五月花蕊娇妍，

　　And summer"s lease hath all too short a date.

　　夏天匆匆离去毫不停顿。

　　Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

　　苍天明眸有时过于灼热，

　　And often is his gold complexion dimm"d;

　　金色脸容往往蒙上阴翳；

　　And every fair from fair sometime declines,

　　一切优美形象不免褪色，

　　By chance or nature"s changing course untrimm"d.

　　偶然摧折或自然地老去。

　　But thy eternal summer shall not fade ,

　　而你如仲夏繁茂不凋谢，

　　Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow"st;

　　秀雅风姿将永远翩翩；

　　Nor shall Death brag thou wander"st in his shade,

　　死神无法逼你气息奄奄，

　　When in eternal lines to time thou grow"st:

　　你将永生于不朽诗篇。

　　So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,

　　只要人能呼吸眼不盲，

　　So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

　　这诗和你将千秋流芳。

　　--By William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录(5)

　　莎士比亚：十四行诗第116首

　　18 Sonnet 116 by William Shakespeare.

　　莎士比亚：十四行诗第116首

　　Mahler - Symphony No.3 - 6th Movement (excerpt).

　　背景音乐：古斯塔夫;马勒-第三交响曲-第六乐章（节选）

　　Lennie James

　　朗读：连尼;詹姆斯

　　Let me not to the marriage of true minds,admit impediments.

　　我绝不承认两颗真心的结合会有任何障碍

　　Love is not love which alters when it alteration finds,

　　爱算不得真爱 若是一看见人家改变便转舵

　　Or bends with the remover to remove:

　　或者一看见人家转弯便离开

　　Oh no,it is an ever-fixed mark,That looks on tempests,and is never shaken;

　　决不 爱是亘古长明的塔灯 它定睛望着风暴却兀不为动

　　It is the star to every wandering bark,whose worth"s unknown,although his height be taken.

　　爱又是指引迷舟的一颗恒星 你可量它多高 它所值却无穷

　　Love"s not Time"s fool,though rosy lips and cheeks within his bending sickle"s compass come;

　　爱不受时光的播弄 尽管红颜和皓齿难免遭受时光的毒手

　　Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,But bears it out even to the edge of doom.

　　爱并不因瞬息的改变而改变

　　If this be error and upon me proved,I never writ,nor no man ever loved.

　　它巍然矗立直到末日的尽头

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录(6)

　　莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想：爱征服一切。他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。他的十四行诗大约创作于1590年至1598年之间，此时正是十六世纪欧洲文艺复兴传到英国的时期，因此，反映了这一时期的人文主义思想，具有很强的时代背景。

　　诗的开头将“你”和夏天相比较。自然界的夏天正处在绿的世界中，万物繁茂地生长着，繁阴遮地，是自然界的生命最昌盛的时刻。那醉人的绿与鲜艳的花一道，将夏天打扮得五彩缤纷、艳丽动人。但是，“你”却比夏天可爱多了，比夏天还要温婉。五月的狂风会作践那可爱的景色，夏天的期限太短，阳光酷热地照射在繁阴班驳的大地上，那熠熠生辉的美丽不免要在时间的流动中凋残。这自然界最美的季节和“你”相比也要逊色不少。

　　而“你”能克服这些自然界的不足。“你”在最灿烂的季节不会凋谢，甚至“你”美的任何东西都不会有所损失。“你”是人世的永恒，“你”会让死神的黑影在遥远的地方停留，任由死神的夸口也不会死去。“你”是什么？“你”与人类同在，你在时间的长河里不朽。那人类精神的精华——诗，是你的形体吗？或者，你就是诗的精神，就是人类的灵魂。

　　诗歌在前面充分地发挥表达的层次，在充分的铺垫之后，用两句诗结束全诗，点明主题。全诗用新颖巧妙的比喻，华美而恰当的修饰使人物形象鲜明、生气鲜活。此诗表达了这样一种思想：美丽的事物可以依靠文学的力量而永远不朽；文学是人所创造的，因此这有宣告了人的不朽。最终巧妙地得出了人文主义的结论。

　　因此此诗不是一般的爱情诗。

　　? 以上面所选的第十八号而论，前四行算是“起”，中四行是“承”，都是讲岁月无常，美丽易逝；后四行可以说是“转”，因为全诗到此忽然一变，作者宣告虽然自然界美貌难存，但是人可则可靠诗笔而永保朱颜；最后两行是音韵铿锵(互相押韵)的小结，亦即是“合”。当然，不是每首Shakespeare的十四行诗都有这样清楚的起承转合，但是这种小范围内的曲折变化确是它的特点之一。

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录(7)

　　莎士比亚十四行诗赏析

　　莎士比亚十四行诗赏析汪玉枝 周淳（华东师范大学外语学院 上海市 200062）

　　摘 要：威廉?莎士比亚（1564-1616）是英国文艺复兴时期伊丽莎白时代最伟大的剧作家及杰出的诗人。他的文学成就在英国文坛乃至世界文坛上的地位无人能及。人们尊称他为莎翁或大文豪，他作品里所用到的词汇比英国任何一位作家都要多，并且还自创了一些词语和表达法，丰富了英语言。其语汇表达精彩纷呈，令人目不暇及。且不提他的剧作，单单欣赏他的十四行诗已令读者叹为观止，他的文学思想和艺术风格极大地影响了他那个时代甚至于如今的文人和文学爱好者，给了他们真、善、美的享受和心灵的启迪。

　　关键词：十四行诗；真、善、美；赏析；明珠

　　一、引言

　　莎士比亚是全世界众多读者耳熟能详的伟大的英国文艺复兴时期伊丽莎白时代的杰出剧作家。他那广为传播的四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》、《威尼斯商人》、《皆大欢喜》、和《第十二夜》以及四大悲剧：《汉姆莱特》、《奥塞罗》、《李尔王》和《麦克佩斯》可谓脍炙人口，有口皆碑。他在英国文坛的地位犹如中国清朝的文豪曹雪芹，所以大量的莎学研究及红学研究文献曾出不穷，浩瀚如海。但是，也有很多读者只知道莎士比亚是伟大的剧作家，却不知他还是一位在十四行诗方面无人能媲美的大诗人。他的十四行诗大约创作于1590年至1598年之间，共154首，前126首是献给厚待他的一位金发少年，也就是骚桑普顿伯爵或宾勃鲁克伯爵；后28首是写给一位神秘的“黑肤女郎”的。这位黑发黑肤背叛爱情的女郎究竟是谁，为何引得诗人频频献诗于她，一直都是个谜。至于她是真实人物还是作者的杜撰，无人能解。莎翁诗作的结构技巧和语言技巧都很独到，几乎每首诗都有独立的审美价值。莎士比亚在运用这个诗体时，极为得心应手，体现了他语汇丰富、用词洗练、比喻新颖、结构巧妙、音调铿锵悦耳、张弛有度等特色。最为精妙的是全诗的最后两行，往往构思奇妙，语出惊人，既是全诗最关键的部分，又自成一联警语格言，可谓匠心独运。在英国乃至世界十四行诗的创作中，莎士比亚十四行诗都是一座难以逾越的巅峰，当得起空前绝后的美名。十四行诗的写作发生在作者创作的中期，体现了诗人对爱情和友情抱有坚定的信念，同时也反映了其中期成熟阶段的凝重与沉稳并带有深沉的忧郁。

　　文学史上，十四行诗分意大利式或彼特拉克式，由前面的八行组和后面的六行组建，押韵的方法是abba abba cde cde。英氏的十四行诗可分为三个四行组和最后一个两行组构成，也就是我们常说的英雄偶句，是最有分量的两句，起到了化龙点睛的作用。押韵格式为 abab cdcd efef gg。由于莎翁娴熟的运用与创新，取得了无人能及的效应，因此，在英国，十四行诗又被称作莎士比亚十四行诗，其他诗人纷纷效仿。本文旨在通过其三篇代表诗作的赏析，再现大师的艺术风貌和艺术特色，并从中获取心灵的启迪和极大的精神享受。

　　二、我的诗会使你的生命永存

　　让我们首先来欣赏他那首广为颂扬的十四行诗第十八首。

　　我怎能把你比作夏天，

　　你比它更可爱、更温婉：

　　狂风把五月娇嫩的花蕊摧残，

　　夏季时光匆匆，总是如此短暂：

　　有时炽热异常，像上天灼烧的眼，

　　它那金色的面容常飘忽闪现。

　　再美好的事物也终将凋残，

　　随时间和自然的变化而流转。

　　但是你的夏日会永远鲜艳，

　　你将永远拥有这俊美的容颜。

　　死神也无法夸口让你在它的阴影里逗留，

　　当你在这不朽的诗句中永远地生息留守：

　　只要人类还在呼吸，只要眼睛还在阅读，

　　我这首诗就会存在，你的生命就会存在。

　　这首诗的主题是讴歌美，讴歌文学。诗人起先认为夏天是美好的，夏日本身就是一种象征，有许多美好的事物可供赞美，如娇艳的玫瑰、葱绿的草坪、金黄的麦穗、繁星满天的夜空。但转念又一想，夏天也有很多的缺陷，例如：有时大雨倾盆，把人淋成落汤鸡；有时烈日炎炎，晒得人酷热难耐；有时狂风骤起，把娇嫩的花蕾残害；所以夏日是不完美的，更何况季节短暂，时光稍纵即逝。诗人由此感叹：人生苦短，如同朝露，去日苦多，美好的人和事物都难逃死亡的宿命。但是朋友啊，你的夏日会永远鲜艳夺目，你俊美的容颜会青春永驻，令死神也无可奈何！为什么有这样永恒美貌的存在呢？因为我的诗句就具有这样的魅力。只要人世间能有人鉴赏文采，只要有人尚在呼吸，眼睛还能阅读，这首诗就会流传，就能教你以及你的美永存。很多人都以为本诗歌是赞美一位女性的青春美貌的，其实不然，因为前面已谈到过莎士比亚的前126首十四行诗是献给一位美貌出众，前程似锦的少年的，也就是那位伯爵，他很可能就是莎士比亚的资助人。诗中表达了他对于英俊少年的爱戴和羡慕，并且敦促他赶紧结婚，让子孙后代继承他的美德，警告他时不我待：花好堪摘直须摘，莫待花落空摘枝。

　　显而易见，诗的最后两行是全诗的妙句（Punch Line ），是精髓所在。莎翁十分善长于应用这种形式，字里行间无不突显自己流芳百世的不朽诗篇，也就是他的咏诗文采，这才是一个美好身躯的荣华与美丽能够恒久不衰的保证。所以，他在塑造友人完美形象和颂扬美的同时所真正讴歌的是人的智慧，体现了他深邃悠远的人文主义思想。

　　假如说莎翁的十四行诗是英诗中的王冠，那么其第十八首便是这王冠上璀璨耀眼的明珠。诗歌中，诗人联想恣意流畅，比喻贴切鲜明，语言跌宕起伏，节奏激越铿锵，全诗既精雕细刻，更语出天成。其艺术风格和魅力令人叹为观止，望尘莫及。

　　三、爱江山更爱美人

　　让我们再来赏析他的十四行诗的第29首。

　　受尽命运的浩劫、世人的白眼，

　　我独自哀伤这飘零的身世，

　　徒用无益的呼吁惊动那耳聋的苍天，

　　顾影自怜，诅咒自己命运悲惨，

　　一心羡慕他人前程璀璨。

　　想有他的仪表堂堂，想有他的交友宽广，

　　羡这人才华横溢，慕那人文采飞扬，

　　独独自己这边一无所长;

　　思去想来几欲把自己看轻，却猛然间想起了你，

　　就像破晓时的云雀，从阴霾的大地腾空而起，

　　展开羽翼高歌于浩瀚的天宇；

　　思卿至爱，心中生出财富无限，

　　纵帝王屈尊就我，不与换江山。

　　诗歌中的男主人公分明在叹息自己悲惨的身世，诅咒自己飘零如浮萍的凄苦命运。诗人倾诉说：每想到命运不济，受人们白眼，我独自哀伤自己在世上随波逐流，哭泣着去哀求苍天，可是它却装聋作哑不予回答。我形单影只，顾影自怜，诅咒自己的命运，我真是一无是处，无一专长，我活在这世上唯有忧伤。多么希望我成为另外一个人，像他那样富有锦绣前程，像他那样眉目清秀，拥有众多的友人；很想有这人的本事、那人的学识，可这一切我都一无所有。正当我要妄自菲薄、自暴自弃之时，我有幸想到了你。于是我的心灵如同云雀破晓时分从阴沉沉的大地腾

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录(8)

　　莎士比亚十四行诗浅析

　　作者：乔虹 周菲菲

　　来源：《赤峰学院学报·哲学社会科学版》2014年第09期

　　摘 要：莎士比亚十四行诗中的主题，写作方法根据作者不同的感情呈现出各种特点。对这些主题和文字结构特点进行分析，对理解莎士比亚十四行诗的结构和意境有很大的帮助。

　　关键词：莎士比亚十四行诗；分析；主题

　　中图分类号：I561.073 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1673-2596（2014）09-0196-03

　　莎士比亚的十四行诗是英语文学史上的一部经典巨作。国内外许多学者对莎士比亚的十四行诗有过深入的研究，但是仁者见仁智者见智。从18世纪开始，英国浪漫派诗人柯勒律治（S. T. Coleridge）、雪莱（P. B. Shelly）、济慈（John. Keats）等人对莎士比亚的十四行诗给予了高度评价。我国开始研究莎士比亚十四行诗较晚，到目前为止，我国对莎士比亚十四行诗的评论主要有梁宗岱的《莎士比亚的商赖》，屠岸、钟祥及索天章的《关于莎士比亚十四行诗》，扬周翰、周启付的《谈莎士比亚十四行诗》，王忠祥的《真、善、美的统一——莎士比亚十四行诗》，钱兆明的《评莎氏商彼诗的两个译本》以及赵毅衡的《从（十四行诗》认识莎士比亚》等，其它关于这方面的评论文章就很少了。不同时代的批评家从不同角度对莎士比亚十四行诗或贬或褒的评论，给后人们的研究提供了不可多得的、很有学术价值的参考资料。下面笔者试着对莎翁十四行诗进行一些分析探索。

　　一、莎士比亚十四行诗的的主题

　　尽管“爱”形成了十四行诗主题的拱顶，但纵观莎士比亚全部十四行诗，可以发现它有三个具体的基本主题，即生命之短暂、美之倏然、情欲之陷阱[1]。生命之短暂、美之倏然两个主题集中在写给青年人的早期十四行诗中（尤其是一至十七首），其间诗人宣称：生育儿女是去征服时间，战胜死亡，继承人之美的唯一途径。他竭力劝解友人通过结婚生子、繁衍后代来保存和延续自己的美，渲染了时间的无情和好友的美之间不可调和的矛盾，希望友人留下子孙与时间抗争，建立“永久的仓廪”来滋养和繁荣美和真，否则好友的末日就是“真与美的死期”。

　　《莎士比亚十四行诗》经典语录(9)

　　Sonnet 18

　　1. Shall I compare thee to a summer"s day?

　　Could I compare you to the time/days of summer?

　　2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

　　You are more lovely and more gentle and mild than the days.

　　3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

　　The wild wind shakes the favorite flowers of May.

　　4. And summer"s lease hath all too short a date

　　And the duration of summer has a limited period of time.

　　5. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

　　Sometimes the sun shinning is too hot.

　　6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,

　　And his gold skin of the face will be dimmed by the clouds.

　　7. And every fair from fair sometime declines,

　　Every beautiful thing and person will decline from previous state of beauty.

　　8. By chance, or nature"s changing course untrimmed:

　　(the beauty) will be stripped of by chance or changes of season in the nature.

　　9. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,

　　But your summer exists forever and will not lose color/freshness or vigor.

　　10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow"st,

　　You will never lose your own beauty either.

　　11. Nor shall death brag thou wander"st in his shade,

　　The Death can’t boast that you wander in his shadow.

　　12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow"st,

　　You grow as time grows in the undying lines of my verse.

　　13. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,

　　So long as men can live in the world with sight and breath,

　　14. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

　　This poem will exist and you will live in it forever.

　　Formal features

　　14 lines

　　4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 couplet

　　Rhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameter

　　Rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg

　　Structure:

　　1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem

　　3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转” (a change in direction, thought, or emotion)

　　the couplet: a summary or conclusion

　　The theme:

　　The main theme is the power of the speaker’s poem to defy time and last forever, carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations.

　　What is it about?

　　The speaker opens the poem with a question addressed to the beloved: “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” The next eleven lines are devoted to such a comparison. Summer: (Line 3: rough winds；4： too short；5. too hot；6. too dimmed；7&8. beautiful things will die)

　　Sonnet?18?is the first poem in the sonnets not to explicitly encourage the young man to have children. The “procreation” sequence of the first?17?sonnets ended with the speaker’s realization that the young man might?not?need children to preserve his beauty; he could also live forever in this poem.

　　Figures of speech

　　In line (5 ) There is a Metaphor .

　　In line ( 5+6 ) There is a Personification .

　　( eye of Heaven shines ) : Eye of heaven = the sun

　　The sun became dark because dark of clouds .

　　In Line (9+10+12 ) There is a Hyperbole .

　　In Line ( 11 )There is a personification .

　　In Line ( 14 ) There is an Inverted order .

　　Analysis: （拓展）

　　The poem works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise.

　　The summer"s day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, and sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that "the lovely boy" is in fact like a summer"s day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.

　　Sonnet 130

　　1. My mistress" eyes are nothing like the sun;

　　My lady’s eyes aren’t like the sun at all.

　　2. Coral is far more red, than her lips red:

　　Coral is much redder than her lips.

　　3. If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;

　　If snow is white, then her breasts are brown.

　　4. If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.

　　If hair is as coarse as threads, then her hair is full of black threads.

　　5. I have seen roses damasked, red and white,

　　I have seen the pinkish, red and white roses.

　　6. But no such roses see I in her cheeks;

　　But I can see such kinds of roses in her cheeks.

　　7. And in some perfumes is there more delight

　　There is much tempting/attractive fragrance.

　　8. Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks.

　　The fragrance is more attractive than her steamy, sweaty and unsavory smells.

　　9. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know

　　I like listening to her speaking, but I am also aware that

　　10. That music hath a far more pleasing sound:

　　The sound of music is much more favorable than her sound.

　　11. I grant I never saw a goddess go,

　　I admit that I never saw a goddess walking by.

　　12. My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:

　　My mistress stamps on the floor when she walks.

　　13. And yet by heaven, I think my love as rare,

　　But I can swear to God that my lover is as precious as

　　15. As any she belied with false compare.

　　As any woman who has been misrepresented by ridiculous comparisons.

　　Formal features

　　14 lines

　　4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 couplet

　　Rhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameter

　　Rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg

　　Structure:

　　1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem

　　3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转” (a change in direction, thought, or emotion)

　　the couplet: a summary or conclusion

　　Theme

　　The poet suggests their love is rare because he does not desire her to be something she is not.

　　It"s about finding love in spite of (or maybe even because of) physical flaws.

　　It pokes fun at our obsession with looks and to show how ridiculous it is to ask any person to live up to some ideal of perfect beauty